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Extracellular vesicles in lung microenvironment and pathogenesis.

Yu Fujita1, Nobuyoshi Kosaka2, Jun Araya3

  • 1Division of Molecular and Cellular Medicine, National Cancer Center Research Institute, 5-1-1, Tsukiji, Chuo-ku, Tokyo 104-0045, Japan; Division of Respiratory Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Jikei University School of Medicine, 3-19-18, Nishi-shinbashi, Minato-ku, Tokyo 105-8471, Japan; Department of Pathology and Moores UCSD Cancer Center, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA.

Trends in Molecular Medicine
|August 2, 2015
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) from different lung cells impact lung diseases. Cancer cell EVs promote tumors, while noncancerous cell EVs aid tissue repair, influencing chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and lung cancer progression.

Keywords:
COPDexosomeextracellular vesiclelung cancermesenchymal stem cellmicroRNA

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Characterization of Immune Cell-derived Extracellular Vesicles and Studying Functional Impact on Cell Environment

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Area of Science:

  • Pulmonary Medicine
  • Cell Biology
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are key mediators of intercellular communication in the lungs.
  • EVs contain proteins and microRNAs that influence cellular functions.
  • Dysfunctional EVs are implicated in lung disease pathogenesis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the multifaceted roles of EVs in lung diseases.
  • To highlight the distinct functions of cancer cell-derived EVs versus noncancerous cell-derived EVs.
  • To discuss EV involvement in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and lung cancer.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of studies on extracellular vesicles in lung diseases.
  • Analysis of EV composition and function in cancer and non-cancerous lung conditions.
  • Synthesis of findings related to intercellular communication in COPD and lung cancer.

Main Results:

  • Cancer cell-derived EVs promote tumor progression and alter the tumor microenvironment.
  • Noncancerous cell-derived EVs exhibit protective roles in tissue repair and homeostasis.
  • Airway cell EVs can change composition upon exposure to harmful substances, affecting cell interactions.

Conclusions:

  • EVs play critical, context-dependent roles in lung disease.
  • Understanding EV function is crucial for developing therapeutic strategies for COPD and lung cancer.
  • Further research into EV-mediated communication is needed to unravel lung disease mechanisms.