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Human Infections with Staphylococcus aureus CC398.

Tara C Smith1, Shylo E Wardyn

  • 1Kent State University College of Public Health, 750 Hilltop Drive, Lowry Hall, Kent, OH, USA, tsmit176@kent.edu.

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Staphylococcus aureus CC398 strains pose a growing risk to human health, causing infections from skin issues to severe invasive disease. This review highlights the global spread and characteristics of these emerging livestock-associated infections.

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Area of Science:

  • Veterinary Medicine
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Livestock-associated Staphylococcus aureus clonal cluster 398 (CC398) has emerged as a significant concern.
  • While colonization has been studied, human infections are increasingly reported.
  • CC398 strains are zoonotic, primarily linked to pigs and poultry.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review and synthesize existing literature on human infections caused by Staphylococcus aureus CC398.
  • To analyze the geographic distribution, clinical characteristics, and epidemiological trends of these infections.
  • To identify knowledge gaps and suggest future research directions.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic literature search of scientific databases (e.g., PubMed, Scopus).
  • Inclusion of publications reporting human cases of CC398 infections.
  • Data extraction on patient demographics, infection types, geographic location, and outcomes.

Main Results:

  • Identified 74 publications detailing CC398 infections in humans.
  • Documented infections across 19 different countries, indicating a worldwide issue.
  • Observed a spectrum of infections, from mild skin conditions to severe invasive diseases, including fatalities.

Conclusions:

  • Staphylococcus aureus CC398 represents an emerging global health threat, particularly for individuals with livestock contact.
  • Further research is needed to understand transmission dynamics, virulence factors, and effective treatment strategies.
  • Enhanced surveillance and One Health approaches are crucial for managing this zoonotic pathogen.