Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Diphtheria01:28

Diphtheria

93
Diphtheria is an acute, toxin-mediated infectious disease that primarily affects the upper respiratory tract. It is caused by Corynebacterium diphtheriae, a Gram-positive, pleomorphic rod that lacks spore-forming capability and exhibits a characteristic club-shaped morphology under microscopic examination. While C. diphtheriae can asymptomatically colonize mucosal surfaces, clinical disease manifests only when the bacterial strain is lysogenized by a specific β-corynephage. This phage...
93
Directly Acting Muscle Relaxants: Dantrolene and Botulinum Toxin01:26

Directly Acting Muscle Relaxants: Dantrolene and Botulinum Toxin

1.4K
Directly acting muscle relaxants like dantrolene and botulinum toxin (BoNT) have distinct mechanisms and applications. Dantrolene, a hydantoin derivative, acts on the ryanodine receptor (RYR1) in skeletal muscle cells. RYR1 are calcium channels present at the sarcoplasmic reticulum membrane. In response to excitation, they release calcium ions from the sarcoplasmic reticulum to the cytosol. Calcium promotes actin-myosin-mediated contraction of muscles.
The binding of dantrolene to the RYR1...
1.4K
Muscle Stimulation Frequency01:22

Muscle Stimulation Frequency

5.1K
The contraction strength of muscles is regulated by motor neurons, which modulate the frequency of action potentials dispatched to the motor units based on the body's requirements. This process of varying the muscle stimulation frequency allows muscles to contract with a force that is precisely tailored to the needs of the moment, whether lifting a feather or a heavy box.
Wave summation
At low firing rates, motor neurons induce individual twitch contractions in muscle fibers. These twitches...
5.1K
Atypical Pneumonia01:14

Atypical Pneumonia

47
Atypical pneumonia, often caused by Mycoplasma pneumoniae, is a form of pulmonary infection that differs from the classical presentation of bacterial pneumonia in both its cause and clinical symptoms. Mycoplasma pneumoniae is a pleomorphic bacterium notable for its lack of a rigid cell wall. This structural characteristic imparts resistance to beta-lactam antibiotics and significantly influences the bacterium’s behavior within the human host.Other pathogens responsible for the disease...
47

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

[Changes in the diagnostic panorama after the Patient Choice Reform - a retrospective study of diagnosis registrations in Swedish primary health care].

Lakartidningen·2026
Same author

Alterations in carbon and nitrogen metabolism under phenylalanine ammonia-lyase inhibition in winter triticale seedlings.

Scientific reports·2025
Same author

Physiological and Molecular Responses of the Flag Leaf Under <i>L</i>-Phenylalanine Ammonia-Lyase Inhibition.

Cells·2025
Same author

Continuity of care in the context of a primary health care reform: a follow-up after the Swedish <i>Patient Choice Reform</i>.

Scandinavian journal of primary health care·2025
Same author

Long-term trends in specialized outpatient health care utilization: an analysis in the context of a primary health care reform.

BMC health services research·2025
Same author

Introduction to the <i>RSC Advances</i> themed collection on nano and microscale modifications of biomaterials.

RSC advances·2024

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 6, 2026

Electroporation of Mycobacteria
11:57

Electroporation of Mycobacteria

Published on: May 23, 2008

26.3K

Tetanus in Poland in 2013.

Andrzej Zieliński1, Jolanta Rudowska1

  • 1Department of Epidemiology, National Institute of Public Health - National Institute of Hygiene in Warsaw.

Przeglad Epidemiologiczny
|August 3, 2015
PubMed
Summary

Tetanus poses a significant risk, especially to unvaccinated individuals. In 2013, 14 cases resulted in 7 deaths, primarily among those over 69, highlighting the need for tetanus vaccination.

Area of Science:

  • Epidemiology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Tetanus remains a persistent risk for unvaccinated populations.
  • The disease carries a high mortality rate, particularly in older adults.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To present epidemiological surveillance data for tetanus in Poland during 2013.
  • To analyze the incidence and outcomes of tetanus cases.

Main Methods:

  • Data were collected from individual case reports submitted to the Department of Epidemiology, NIPH-NIH.
  • Bulletin data on infectious diseases and poisonings in Poland in 2013 were utilized.

Main Results:

  • In 2013, 14 cases of tetanus were recorded.
  • The majority of cases (13) occurred in individuals over 69 years of age.

More Related Videos

Immunofluorescence Imaging of DNA Damage and Repair Foci in Human Colon Cancer Cells
05:18

Immunofluorescence Imaging of DNA Damage and Repair Foci in Human Colon Cancer Cells

Published on: June 9, 2020

12.1K
Application of Lucilia sericata Larvae in Debridement of Pressure Wounds in Outpatient Settings
09:37

Application of Lucilia sericata Larvae in Debridement of Pressure Wounds in Outpatient Settings

Published on: December 4, 2021

9.8K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Apr 6, 2026

Electroporation of Mycobacteria
11:57

Electroporation of Mycobacteria

Published on: May 23, 2008

26.3K
Immunofluorescence Imaging of DNA Damage and Repair Foci in Human Colon Cancer Cells
05:18

Immunofluorescence Imaging of DNA Damage and Repair Foci in Human Colon Cancer Cells

Published on: June 9, 2020

12.1K
Application of Lucilia sericata Larvae in Debridement of Pressure Wounds in Outpatient Settings
09:37

Application of Lucilia sericata Larvae in Debridement of Pressure Wounds in Outpatient Settings

Published on: December 4, 2021

9.8K
  • Seven deaths were reported, all within the older age group.

    • Conclusions:

    • Tetanus, despite its low incidence, causes preventable deaths annually.
    • Older adults are particularly vulnerable to severe outcomes.
    • Vaccination is crucial for preventing tetanus-related mortality.