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Hypofractionated radiotherapy offers an effective alternative to standard radiation for breast cancer patients after breast-conserving surgery. This shorter treatment schedule demonstrated comparable outcomes in survival and recurrence rates without significant adverse effects.

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Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Radiation Oncology
  • Surgical Oncology

Background:

  • Adjuvant radiation therapy is standard for breast cancer patients post-breast-conserving surgery.
  • Standard radiotherapy regimens can be lengthy, posing treatment challenges.
  • Hypofractionated radiotherapy presents a potentially shorter alternative.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare the efficacy and outcomes of standard radiotherapy versus hypofractionated radiotherapy.
  • To evaluate survival, locoregional recurrence, adverse effects, and aesthetic results.

Main Methods:

  • Prospective controlled study involving 80 breast cancer patients (pT1-2N0-1M0) post-breast-conserving surgery.
  • Randomized division into two groups: experimental (hypofractionated) and control (standard).
  • Experimental group: 43.2 Gy/18 fractions/24 days + boost; Control group: 45 Gy/25 fractions/44 days + boost.

Main Results:

  • Median follow-up of 27 months with 100% follow-up rate.
  • No statistical differences in local control, survival, adverse effects, or cosmetic outcomes between groups.
  • 2-year survival rate was 100% in both groups, with no locoregional recurrence.

Conclusions:

  • Shortened whole-breast hypofractionated irradiation with a concomitant boost is as effective as standard radiation.
  • Hypofractionated radiotherapy is a viable alternative for patients undergoing breast conservation surgery.
  • Mild skin toxicity, breast fibrosis, and altered pigmentation were the most common side effects.