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Related Experiment Video

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Anterior-Posterior Connectivity within the Default Mode Network Increases During Maturation.

Stuart D Washington1, John W VanMeter1

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The default mode network (DMN) shows significant functional connectivity changes with age in typically developing individuals. These brain network maturation patterns are crucial for social development and may be altered in conditions like autism spectrum disorder (ASD).

Keywords:
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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Developmental Psychology
  • Cognitive Science

Background:

  • The default mode network (DMN) is critical for self-referential thought, social cognition, and memory.
  • DMN functional connectivity undergoes significant maturation throughout development, continuing into adulthood.
  • Previous research explored DMN maturation in children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD).

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the developmental trajectory of inter-nodal functional connectivity within the DMN in typically developing individuals.
  • To refine understanding of DMN maturation from preadolescence through young adulthood.
  • To establish normative data for DMN functional maturation.

Main Methods:

  • Analyzed functional connectivity (BOLD activity correlations) between DMN nodes in 36 typically developing individuals aged 6-25 years.
  • Utilized Fisher's Z transformation to quantify connectivity strengths.
  • Examined age-related changes in connectivity using quadratic functions.

Main Results:

  • Identified varying strengths of functional connectivity between DMN regions, with the strongest between left and right inferior parietal lobules (IPLs).
  • Found significant quadratic increases in connectivity with age between the anterior cingulate cortex/medial prefrontal cortex (ACC/mPFC) and posterior cingulate cortex (PCC) nodes.
  • Observed significant age-related quadratic increases in connectivity between the left IPL and right middle temporal gyrus (MTG) nodes.

Conclusions:

  • Age-related changes in DMN functional connectivity likely underpin introspective and social cognitive development.
  • Deviations from this normative maturational trajectory may be associated with neurological and psychological conditions affecting social interaction.
  • This study provides insights into typical brain development relevant to understanding neurodevelopmental disorders.