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Analysis of Various Subsets of Circulating Mononuclear Cells in Asymptomatic Coronary Artery Disease
Alexander E Berezin1, Alexander A Kremzer2
1Internal Medicine Department, State Medical University, Zaporozhye UA-69121, Ukraine. dr_berezin@mail.ru.
Insights
In patients with asymptomatic coronary artery disease (CAD), specific circulating mononuclear cells (CMCs) like CD14(+)CD309(+) show reduced levels correlating with cardiovascular risk factors. This finding may help in understanding CAD progression and risk stratification.
Area of Science:
- Cardiovascular Research
- Immunology
- Biomarker Discovery
Background:
- Asymptomatic coronary artery disease (CAD) presents a significant challenge in risk stratification.
- Circulating mononuclear cells (CMCs) are increasingly recognized as potential indicators of cardiovascular health.
- Understanding the relationship between CMCs and cardiovascular risk factors is crucial for early detection and management.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the correlation between multiple cardiovascular risk factors (MCRFs) and specific CMC subsets in patients with asymptomatic CAD.
- To identify potential cell-based biomarkers for assessing cardiovascular risk in asymptomatic individuals.
Main Methods:
- Flow cytometry was employed to analyze CMC subsets based on CD14, CD34, Tie-2, CD45, and CD309 (VEGFR2) expression.
- The study included 126 asymptomatic CAD patients and 25 healthy volunteers.
- Correlations between CMC levels and conventional cardiovascular risk factors were assessed.
Main Results:
- Asymptomatic CAD patients exhibited a trend of increased CD45(-)CD34(+) CMCs and decreased CD14(+)CD309(+) and CD14(+)CD309(+)Tie(2+) CMCs compared to healthy controls.
- Significant correlations were observed between CD45(-)CD34(+) CMCs and factors like hs-CRP, T2DM, uric acid, and hypertension.
- Reduced levels of CD14(+)CD309(+) and CD14(+)CD309(+)Tie(2+) CMCs were associated with increased risk of T2DM, elevated hs-CRP, higher Agatston scores, and multiple cardiovascular risk factors.
Conclusions:
- A reduction in specific CMC populations (CD14(+)CD309(+) and CD14(+)CD309(+)Tie(2+)) is linked to the presence of multiple cardiovascular risk factors in asymptomatic CAD patients.
- These altered CMC profiles may serve as novel biomarkers for cardiovascular risk assessment in individuals with CAD.
- Further research is warranted to elucidate the precise mechanisms underlying these associations and their clinical utility.
Unlabelled:
The objective of this study was to evaluate the correlation between multiple cardiovascular risk factors (MCRFs) and circulating mononuclear cells (CMCs) in asymptomatic coronary artery disease patients.
Design And Methods:
126 subjects (54 male), aged 48 to 62 years, with asymptomatic coronary artery disease (CAD) documented previously with angiography, and 25 healthy volunteers were enrolled in the study. The flow cytometric technique was used for predictably distinguishing cell subsets that depend on the expression of CD14, CD34, Tie-2, CD45, and CD309 (VEGFR2).
Results:
The analysis of the outcome obtained shows a trend of an increase in circulating CD45(-)CD34(+) CMCs and a reduction in CMC population defined as CD14(+)CD309(+) and CD14(+)CD309(+)Tie(2+) in known asymptomatic CAD patients in comparison with healthy volunteers. Substantial correlations between CD45(-)CD34(+) and conventional cardiovascular risk factors (hs-CRP, T2DM, serum uric acid and hypertension) were found in the patient cohort. The concentrations of CD14(+)CD309(+) and CD14(+)CD309(+)Tie(2+) CMCs had effect on such factors as T2DM (RR = 1.21; 95% CI = 1.10-1.40; p = 0.008), hs-CRP > 2.54 mg/L (RR = 1.29; 95% CI = 1.12-1.58; p = 0.006), Agatston score index (RR = 1.20; 95% CI = 1.15-1.27; p = 0.034), and occurrence of three and more cardiovascular risk factors (RR = 1.31; 95% CI = 1.12-1.49; p = 0.008).
Conclusion:
It is postulated that the reduction in circulating CD14(+)CD309(+) and CD14(+)CD309(+)Tei(2+) CMCs is related to a number of cardiovascular risk factors in asymptomatic patients with known CAD.
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