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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 6, 2026

Simultaneous Scalp Electroencephalography EEG, Electromyography EMG, and Whole-body Segmental Inertial Recording for Multi-modal Neural Decoding
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Measuring human locomotor control using EMG and EEG: Current knowledge, limitations and future considerations.

Hendrik Enders1, Benno M Nigg1

  • 1a Human Performance Laboratory, Faculty of Kinesiology , University of Calgary , Calgary , Canada.

European Journal of Sport Science
|August 5, 2015
PubMed
Summary

This review explores linking brain activity (EEG) with muscle signals (EMG) to understand movement control. It highlights recent studies on neural control of locomotion and brain-muscle connectivity.

Keywords:
Electromyographybrainelectroencephalographylocomotionmovementmuscle

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Biomechanics
  • Motor Control

Background:

  • Traditionally, electroencephalography (EEG) and surface electromyography (EMG) have been used in isolation.
  • A growing need exists to connect brain activity during movement with musculoskeletal system behavior.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review recent studies on electroencephalography (EEG) and electromyography (EMG) for understanding neural control of movement.
  • To examine brain-muscle connectivity during locomotion and contractions.

Main Methods:

  • Review of recent literature utilizing EEG and/or EMG.
  • Analysis of studies focusing on rhythmic locomotor activities.
  • Discussion of connectivity measures like coherence between cortex and muscles.

Main Results:

  • Emerging research links brain activation patterns during movement to musculoskeletal system function.
  • Studies are quantifying connectivity between the brain and muscles during locomotion.
  • Coherence analysis offers insights into cortex-skeletal muscle communication.

Conclusions:

  • Integrating EEG and EMG provides a more comprehensive understanding of motor control.
  • Further research is needed to address limitations and challenges in studying brain-muscle connectivity.
  • This approach has significant implications for locomotion, sports, and exercise science.