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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 6, 2026

Experimental Metastasis Assay

Experimental Metastasis Assay

Published on: August 24, 2010

Acrometastasis: a literature review.

D Stomeo¹, A Tulli, A Ziranu

¹Orthopedic Oncologic Unit; and Hand Surgery Unit, Department of Geriatrics, Neuroscience and Orthopedics; Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, School of Medicine, Rome, Italy. d.stomeomd@gmail.com.

European Review for Medical and Pharmacological Sciences

|August 5, 2015

Summary

Acrometastases are rare, often presenting in pre-terminal cancer patients. Lung cancer is the most common primary source, with amputation being a frequent treatment, though outcomes remain poor.

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Area of Science:

Oncology
Metastatic Disease Research
Skeletal Metastasis

Background:

Acrometastases are rare, accounting for ~0.1% of all metastases.
They predominantly affect males and can occur at any age.
Common primary sites include lung, colorectal, breast, and genito-urinary cancers.

Purpose of the Study:

To review literature from the past 20 years.
To identify common primary tumor sites leading to acrometastases.
To describe frequently employed treatment modalities for acrometastases.

Main Methods:

Comprehensive literature search of major databases (PubMed, SCOPUS, EMBASE, CENTRAL).
Inclusion of studies published between 1940 and February 2014.
Analysis of primary cancer types and metastatic sites.

Main Results:

Lung cancer was the most frequent primary source (32.9%), followed by renal cell cancer (20%), breast (12.9%), and colon (10%).
Hematogenous spread via circulation, potentially involving Batson's plexus for foot metastases, is suggested.
Amputation or disarticulation is the most common surgical intervention.

Conclusions:

Treatment strategies are tailored to tumor staging and extent.
Palliative options include radiation therapy, bisphosphonates, and chemotherapy.
Prognosis is generally poor with a mean survival of 7 months; radical resection for renal cell carcinoma metastases may improve outcomes.