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Related Concept Videos

Angle Closure Glaucoma: Treatment01:28

Angle Closure Glaucoma: Treatment

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Angle-closure glaucoma, or closed-angle glaucoma, is an eye condition where the iris bulges out and blocks the iridocorneal angle, resulting in a buildup of aqueous humor and increased intraocular pressure. Immediate medical attention is necessary due to the sudden onset of symptoms. The treatment for angle-closure glaucoma includes short-term and long-term approaches. Short-term treatment involves using eye drops like pilocarpine to lower intraocular pressure by increasing aqueous humor...
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Glaucoma: Overview01:25

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Glaucoma is an eye condition characterized by increased intraocular pressure that damages the retina and optic nerve, leading to irreversible blindness if left untreated. The human eye has various components, including the cornea, iris, pupil, lens, and optic nerve. Aqueous humor is secreted by the epithelium of the ciliary body in the posterior chamber and flows through the trabecular meshwork and canal of Schlemm, maintaining normal intraocular pressure. The trabecular meshwork and the canal...
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Accessory Structures of the Eye01:17

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Optical perception, or vision, is an extraordinary sense dependent on converting light signals received via the ocular organs. These organs, known as eyes, are securely positioned within the bony cavities of the skull, called orbits. The orbits serve a dual purpose: a protective shield for the ocular globes and a stable attachment point for the soft ocular tissues. The eye's external protective mechanisms include the eyelids, which are edged with lashes that act as a barrier against foreign...
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Open Angle Glaucoma: Treatment01:27

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In open-angle glaucoma, the iridocorneal angle remains open, but the trabecular meshwork becomes stiff, slowing down the outflow of aqueous humor. This causes a buildup of aqueous humor in the anterior chamber, leading to a sudden increase in intraocular pressure. The treatment for open-angle glaucoma focuses on reducing the elevated intraocular pressure by either decreasing the secretion of aqueous humor or increasing its outflow.
Drugs such as carbonic anhydrase inhibitors, α2- and...
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Ophthalmic Drug Delivery Systems01:23

Ophthalmic Drug Delivery Systems

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Ophthalmic drug delivery faces major limitations due to poor absorption across the corneal membrane. This process is primarily driven by diffusion and is influenced by two main factors: the physicochemical properties of the drug and tear drainage. Most ophthalmic drugs, such as pilocarpine, epinephrine, atropine, and local anesthetics, are weak bases. They are typically formulated at an acidic pH to enhance chemical stability. However, this leads to high ionization, reducing their ability to...
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At the molecular level, visual signals trigger transformations in photopigment molecules, resulting in changes in the photoreceptor cell's membrane potential. The photon's energy level is denoted by its wavelength, with each specific wavelength of visible light associated with a distinct color. The spectral range of visible light, classified as electromagnetic radiation, spans from 380 to 720 nm. Electromagnetic radiation wavelengths exceeding 720 nm fall under the infrared category,...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 6, 2026

Intraoperative Visualization of Subretinal Injection and Retinal Detachment in Rats
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[Emergencies in ophthalmology].

Marc Töteberg-Harms1, Johannes Eisenack, Jens Funk

  • 11 Augenklinik, Universitätsspital Zürich.

Praxis
|August 6, 2015
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Sudden vision loss, eye pain, or red eye indicate an ophthalmic emergency. A detailed medical history and simple diagnostics help non-specialists identify urgent cases needing prompt ophthalmologist referral.

Keywords:
Akutes WinkelblockglaukomAnteriore ischämische OptikusneuropathieErosio corneaNetzhautablösungUlcus corneaacute anle-closure glaucomaanterior optic neuropathycorneal erosioncorneal ulcerdétachement de la rétineglaucome aigu à angle étroitneuropathie ophtalmique antérieureretinal detachmentulcère de la cornéeérosion de la cornée

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Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Emergency Medicine

Context:

  • Ophthalmic emergencies present with acute vision loss, eye pain, or red eye.
  • Accurate and timely diagnosis is crucial for preserving vision.

Purpose:

  • To guide non-ophthalmologists in the initial differential diagnosis of ophthalmic emergencies.
  • To emphasize the importance of medical history and simple diagnostic tools.

Summary:

  • Key symptoms include sudden vision loss, painful eye, or red/pink eye.
  • Gathering details on vision loss (type, duration, location) aids in determining the cause.
  • Simple diagnostic approaches can narrow down differential diagnoses for urgent referral.

Impact:

  • Facilitates earlier identification and management of sight-threatening conditions.
  • Empowers primary care physicians and non-specialists to recognize and act on ophthalmic emergencies effectively.