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Molecular and Immunologic Techniques in a Genetically Engineered Mouse Model of Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumor
Published on: May 2, 2022
Current management of gastrointestinal stromal tumors: Surgery, current biomarkers, mutations, and therapy
Nakul Valsangkar1, Amikar Sehdev2, Subhasis Misra3
1Department of Surgery, Division of General Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN.
Abstract:
In the past decade, the addition of molecular diagnosis of mutations and use of tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs), either as neoadjuvant/adjuvant therapy with surgery or as primary therapy in nonresectable gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GIST), has improved patient outcomes markedly. Additional therapeutics also are on the horizon. The goal of this review is to identify the current incidence, diagnostic modalities, and trends in personalizing the medical and operative management for patients with GIST. Medline, PubMed, and Google scholar were queried for recently published literature regarding new molecular mechanisms, targeted therapies, and clinical trials investigating the treatment of GIST. The objective of this review is to highlight the biomarkers under development, newly discovered mutations, and newer therapies targeting specific mutational phenotypes which are continually improving the outlook for patients with this disease.
Insights
Molecular diagnosis and tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) have significantly improved outcomes for gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GIST). Research is ongoing for new biomarkers and targeted therapies to further personalize GIST treatment.
Area of Science:
- Oncology
- Molecular Biology
- Gastroenterology
Background:
- Gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GIST) management has advanced significantly.
- Molecular diagnosis and tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) have improved patient outcomes.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review current incidence, diagnostic modalities, and personalized management trends for GIST.
- To highlight emerging biomarkers, mutations, and targeted therapies for GIST.
Main Methods:
- Literature search of Medline, PubMed, and Google Scholar.
- Focus on recent publications regarding molecular mechanisms, targeted therapies, and clinical trials in GIST.
Main Results:
- Tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) represent a major advancement in GIST treatment.
- Personalized medicine approaches are increasingly important for managing GIST.
- Newer therapies targeting specific mutations are improving patient outlook.
Conclusions:
- Continued research into molecular mechanisms and targeted therapies is crucial for GIST.
- Personalized management strategies are key to optimizing outcomes for GIST patients.
- The future of GIST treatment involves novel therapeutics and advanced diagnostics.
