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The extended evolutionary synthesis: its structure, assumptions and predictions.

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The extended evolutionary synthesis (EES) offers a new framework for evolutionary biology, incorporating developmental processes and reciprocal causation. It emphasizes how development, inheritance, and environment shape evolution, advancing research in related fields.

Keywords:
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Area of Science:

  • Evolutionary biology
  • Developmental biology
  • Genomics
  • Ecology

Background:

  • The Modern Synthesis framework has long guided evolutionary biology.
  • Recent advances in developmental biology, genomics, and ecology challenge its completeness.
  • Existing literature offers interpretations that either uphold or extend the current theory.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review arguments questioning the Modern Synthesis.
  • To introduce the extended evolutionary synthesis (EES) as an alternative framework.
  • To explore the implications of EES for evolutionary research.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review focusing on evo-devo, developmental plasticity, inclusive inheritance, and niche construction.
  • Analysis of arguments for and against the current evolutionary framework.
  • Conceptualization and articulation of the EES.

Main Results:

  • The EES retains core evolutionary theory but emphasizes constructive developmental processes.
  • Developmental bias, inclusive inheritance, and niche construction are central to EES.
  • EES proposes reciprocal causation between organisms and environment.

Conclusions:

  • The EES provides a more comprehensive framework for understanding evolution.
  • It highlights the shared responsibility of development and evolution in shaping life.
  • EES can stimulate new research directions in evolutionary biology and related disciplines.