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Related Concept Videos

Myocarditis II: Clinical Features and Diagnostic Tests01:27

Myocarditis II: Clinical Features and Diagnostic Tests

446
Myocarditis is an inflammation of the heart muscle. The symptoms vary widely, encompassing asymptomatic presentations to severe, acute manifestations.Clinical PresentationAsymptomatic cases: In some instances, myocarditis may be asymptomatic, with the infection resolving without intervention. These cases often go undetected unless discovered incidentally through diagnostic imaging or tests conducted for other reasons.General Early Symptoms: Early symptoms of myocarditis are non-specific and can...
446
Myocarditis I: Introduction01:21

Myocarditis I: Introduction

600
Myocarditis is inflammation of the myocardium, which is the muscular layer of the heart.EtiologyMyocarditis has a diverse etiology, including a wide range of infectious and non-infectious causes:Infectious CausesViral: Common viruses include Coxsackie A and B, adenovirus, parvovirus B19, enteroviruses, and influenza A.Bacterial: Examples include infections caused by Streptococcus, Staphylococcus, and Mycoplasma species.Rickettsial: Infections like Rocky Mountain spotted fever can result in...
600
Pericarditis II: Clinical Features and Diagnostic Tests01:19

Pericarditis II: Clinical Features and Diagnostic Tests

551
Pericarditis is distinguished by inflammation of the pericardium, the fibrous sac that encases the heart. It can be acute, lasting less than six weeks, or chronic, persisting for over three months. Understanding its clinical manifestations and diagnostic findings is crucial for timely and effective management.Clinical ManifestationsWhile pericarditis can be asymptomatic, it usually presents with characteristic symptoms such as:Chest Pain: The most characteristic symptom of pericarditis is chest...
551
Myocarditis III: Medical Management01:14

Myocarditis III: Medical Management

324
Myocarditis: Comprehensive Medical ManagementMyocarditis, the heart muscle inflammation, requires a comprehensive medical management strategy that addresses the underlying cause, provides supportive care, manages symptoms, and reduces cardiac workload.Infections and Autoimmune CausesAdminister appropriate antimicrobial therapy when an infectious agent causes myocarditis. For instance, penicillin treats infections caused by Group A Streptococcus. In cases where autoimmune processes are...
324
Endocarditis II: Clinical Features of Infective Endocarditis01:25

Endocarditis II: Clinical Features of Infective Endocarditis

807
Endocarditis can present various clinical features depending on the causative organism and the patient's underlying health conditions. Initially, the clinical features of infective endocarditis develop gradually, presenting with nonspecific symptoms that can be easily mistaken for other illnesses.General SymptomsEarly symptoms of infective endocarditis are fever, chills, weakness, malaise, fatigue, and weight loss. These symptoms reflect the systemic nature of the infection and the body's...
807
Pericarditis I: Introduction01:22

Pericarditis I: Introduction

649
Pericarditis is defined as the inflammation of the pericardium, the thin, sac-like membrane surrounding the heart. This condition can cause significant chest pain and other symptoms, often necessitating medical intervention. The pericardium has two layers: the inner visceral layer and the outer parietal layer, separated by a small amount of fluid that reduces friction during heartbeats.Types of PericarditisPericarditis can be classified into several types based on the duration and nature of the...
649

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 5, 2026

Visualization of Streptococcus pneumoniae within Cardiac Microlesions and Subsequent Cardiac Remodeling
08:25

Visualization of Streptococcus pneumoniae within Cardiac Microlesions and Subsequent Cardiac Remodeling

Published on: April 7, 2015

9.6K

Acute Myopericarditis Likely Secondary to Disseminated Gonococcal Infection.

Daniel Bunker1, Leslie Dubin Kerr1

  • 1Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA.

Case Reports in Infectious Diseases
|August 7, 2015
PubMed
Summary

Disseminated gonococcal infection (DGI) can cause rare cardiac complications like myocarditis. This case highlights DGI as a potential cause of acute biventricular dysfunction, responding to antibiotic treatment.

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Apr 5, 2026

Visualization of Streptococcus pneumoniae within Cardiac Microlesions and Subsequent Cardiac Remodeling
08:25

Visualization of Streptococcus pneumoniae within Cardiac Microlesions and Subsequent Cardiac Remodeling

Published on: April 7, 2015

9.6K

Area of Science:

  • Infectious Diseases
  • Cardiology
  • Dermatology

Background:

  • Disseminated gonococcal infection (DGI), a rare complication of Neisseria gonorrhoeae, infrequently involves the heart, typically as endocarditis.
  • Older literature suggests potential direct myocardial involvement in DGI, though this is not commonly recognized.
  • Cardiac manifestations of DGI require careful consideration, especially in patients with systemic symptoms.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To report a case of disseminated gonococcal infection presenting with acute myocarditis and biventricular dysfunction.
  • To emphasize the importance of considering DGI in the differential diagnosis of acute myocarditis, particularly with concurrent mucocutaneous and joint manifestations.
  • To illustrate the diagnostic and therapeutic approach to a rare presentation of DGI.

Main Methods:

  • Case report of a 38-year-old male with Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV).
  • Clinical presentation included chest pain, pharyngitis, tenosynovitis, and purpuric skin lesions.
  • Diagnostic workup involved transthoracic echocardiogram and skin biopsy; gonococcal infection was not confirmed by culture or nucleic acid amplification testing.

Main Results:

  • Transthoracic echocardiogram revealed acute biventricular dysfunction.
  • Skin biopsy demonstrated diplococci consistent with disseminated gonococcal infection.
  • Treatment with ceftriaxone led to improvement in clinical symptoms and left ventricular ejection fraction.

Conclusions:

  • The clinical presentation, histological findings, and response to treatment strongly suggested disseminated gonococcal infection as the cause of acute myocarditis.
  • Clinicians should maintain a high index of suspicion for DGI in patients presenting with acute myocarditis, especially when accompanied by skin and joint symptoms.
  • This case underscores the potential for Neisseria gonorrhoeae to cause direct myocardial injury beyond endocarditis.