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Evolutionary stasis in pollen morphogenesis due to natural selection.

Alexis Matamoro-Vidal1,2, Charlotte Prieu1,2, Carol A Furness3

  • 1Institut de Systématique, Évolution, Biodiversité, UMR 7205 - CNRS, MNHN, UPMC, EPHE Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle, Sorbonne Universités, 57 rue Cuvier, CP39 F-75005, Paris, France.

The New Phytologist
|August 8, 2015
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Summary

Evolutionary stasis in eudicot pollen development is likely driven by selection, not developmental constraints. Loss of the equatorial aperture pattern correlates with increased variation in microsporogenesis, suggesting selection shapes pollen morphogenesis.

Keywords:
comparative analysesconstraintsmacroevolutionmicrosporogenesismorphological evolutionmorphospacepollen aperture pattern

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Area of Science:

  • Evolutionary biology
  • Plant reproductive biology
  • Developmental genetics

Background:

  • Evolutionary patterns result from interplay between developmental constraints and selective forces.
  • Pollen morphogenesis (microsporogenesis) in eudicots exhibits long-term evolutionary stasis.
  • The equatorial aperture pattern in pollen is a key morphological trait linked to microsporogenesis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate whether evolutionary stasis in eudicot microsporogenesis is caused by developmental constraints or selection.
  • To determine if selection on the equatorial aperture pattern influences variation in microsporogenesis.
  • To test the hypothesis that loss of the equatorial aperture pattern releases microsporogenesis from selective pressure.

Main Methods:

  • Phylogenetic comparative analyses were employed.
  • Microsporogenesis variation was studied in 83 eudicot species.
  • Species with and without equatorial apertures were compared.

Main Results:

  • Microsporogenesis showed high intra-individual and inter-specific variability in species lacking equatorial apertures.
  • Microsporogenesis remained stable in species possessing the equatorial aperture pattern.
  • Loss of equatorial apertures led to a significant increase in microsporogenesis variation.

Conclusions:

  • Developmental constraints do not preclude variation in microsporogenesis.
  • The evolutionary stasis of microsporogenesis is primarily driven by selective pressures related to the equatorial aperture pattern.
  • Selection, rather than developmental constraints, is the principal factor maintaining stasis in pollen morphogenesis in eudicots.