Satellite cells isolated from skeletal muscle will proliferate faster in WENS yellow feather chicks

This study was conducted to evaluate the differential proliferation ability of satellite cells (SCs) derived from pectoral muscles (PM) with different fiber characteristics and further to explore the underlying molecular mechanism. WENS Yellow Feather Chicks (WYFC) were chosen as the animal model, with White Plymouth Rock Chicks (WPRC) as a comparison. The results showed that WPRC had higher body and pectoral muscle weight than WYFC at 4 days old (P < 0.05). However, WYFC showed greater fiber numbers/mm(2) but smaller fiber cross-sectional area compared with WPRC in PM (P < 0.05). SCs derived from PM of WYFC had a faster proliferation rate but smaller cell size compared with that from PM of WPRC (P < 0.05). The percentage of cell population in G2/M phase and the messenger RNA abundance of TSC1 (P = 0.08), Rheb (P = 0.07) and target of rapamycin (TOR, P = 0.06) in WYFC were higher than that in WPRC. In conclusion, our results demonstrated that SCs isolated from PM of WYFC had faster proliferation rate but smaller cell size than that in WPRC. The higher SC proliferation in WYFC may be due to higher gene expression of TOR signaling pathway than in WPRC, and the larger cell size of WPRC may be due to higher insulin-like growth factor-1 expression than in WYFC.