Metabolic syndrome in first-time hospitalized patients with depression: a 1-year follow-up study
L Nyboe1, C H Vestergaard1, H Lund2,3
1The Research Unit, Department of Affective Disorders Q, Aarhus University Hospital Risskov, Risskov, Denmark.
Insights
Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is common in young, hospitalized depression patients. Its prevalence increases over one year, linked to antipsychotic use and poor aerobic fitness.
Area of Science:
- Psychiatry
- Metabolic Health
- Clinical Research
Background:
- Limited research exists on metabolic syndrome (MetS) in young adults with depression.
- Understanding MetS prevalence and progression in this demographic is crucial for early intervention.
Purpose of the Study:
- To determine the prevalence and 1-year progression of MetS in first-time hospitalized depression patients.
- To identify risk factors associated with MetS in this population.
Main Methods:
- Evaluated MetS components in 52 first-time hospitalized depression patients and 50 healthy controls (aged 18-45).
- Assessed physical activity, aerobic fitness, sleep, smoking, diet, and psychotropic medication at baseline and 1-year follow-up.
Main Results:
- Depression patients showed higher waist circumference and lower HDL compared to controls.
- MetS prevalence increased over 1 year, significantly correlated with antipsychotic medication and low aerobic fitness.
Conclusions:
- Metabolic syndrome is highly prevalent in young, severely depressed patients.
- Low aerobic fitness and atypical antipsychotic use are significant risk factors for MetS in this group.
Objective:
Studies on metabolic syndrome (MetS) in younger patients with depression are few. We examined the prevalence and progression of MetS in first-time hospitalized patients with depression during 1 year of follow-up. Furthermore, we explored putative risk factors of MetS.
Method:
We evaluated MetS and its components in first-time hospitalized patients with depression (N = 52) and healthy controls (N = 50) (18-45 years). Physical activity, aerobic fitness, sleeping disturbances, smoking and dietary habits, and psychopharmacological treatment were recorded at baseline for all participants and after 1 year for the patients.
Results:
Patients had significantly higher waist circumference (WC) and lower high-density lipoproteins compared with healthy controls (P < 0.05). Patients had higher prevalence of MetS, but this was not significant when adjusted for age. Patients had significant increase in WC and triglycerides and a non-significant increase in the prevalence of MetS. Antipsychotic medication (OR 10.5, 95% CI 1.18-94.14) and low aerobic fitness (OR 0.79, 95% CI 0.68-0.93) were significantly correlated with MetS (P < 0.05).
Conclusion:
Metabolic syndrome is highly prevalent in younger, severely depressed patients and the incidence increases during 1 year of follow-up. Low aerobic fitness and use of atypical antipsychotics are strongly correlated with MetS.
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