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Ageing and the group-reference effect in memory.

Hyeon-Nyeon Lee1, Nicole M Rosa2, Angela H Gutchess1

  • 1a Department of Psychology , Brandeis University , Waltham , MA , USA.

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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Older adults show memory benefits from group-referencing, but less so than younger adults. This challenges prior research suggesting equal memory gains from self-referencing versus group-referencing.

Keywords:
AgeingGroup identityGroup-referencingMemorySelf-referencing

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Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Neuroscience of Aging
  • Social Cognition

Background:

  • Self-referencing enhances memory for both younger and older adults.
  • Prior research suggests group-referencing may offer similar memory benefits.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate age differences in memory benefits derived from group-referencing.
  • To compare the memory benefits of self-referencing versus group-referencing across age groups.

Main Methods:

  • Young and older adults encoded trait words using self-reference, group-reference, or familiarity judgments.
  • A surprise recognition memory test assessed recall performance after a retention interval.

Main Results:

  • Group-referencing improved recognition memory for both age groups compared to familiarity.
  • The memory benefit from group-referencing was smaller than that from self-referencing in both young and older adults.
  • Older adults showed a smaller group-reference benefit compared to younger adults.

Conclusions:

  • The memory benefits of group-referencing may not be equivalent to self-referencing, particularly for older adults.
  • Age-related differences exist in the magnitude of the group-reference effect on memory.
  • Further research is needed to understand the mechanisms underlying variability in the group-reference effect.