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Immunotherapy is a treatment that boosts or manipulates the immune system to fight diseases, including cancer. For instance, by stimulating an immune response through vaccinations against viruses that cause cancers, like hepatitis B virus and human papillomavirus, these diseases can be prevented. Nonetheless, some cancer cells can avoid the immune system due to their rapid mutation and division. The immune response to many cancers involves three phases: elimination, equilibrium, and escape.
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[Current immunotherapy of multiple sclerosis].

F Paul1, K Ruprecht

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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Multiple sclerosis (MS) treatments have expanded significantly since 1993, offering more options but requiring careful monitoring due to potential severe side effects.

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Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Immunology
  • Pharmacology

Context:

  • The landscape of multiple sclerosis (MS) treatment has evolved considerably since the introduction of the first immunomodulatory therapy in 1993.
  • Currently, nine distinct therapies or substance classes are approved for managing MS.

Purpose:

  • To provide an overview of the current therapeutic options for multiple sclerosis (MS).
  • To highlight recent advancements and ongoing challenges in MS pharmacotherapy.

Summary:

  • The past five years have seen the approval of oral medications (fingolimod, teriflunomide, dimethyl fumarate), a monoclonal antibody (alemtuzumab), and modified formulations of existing treatments.
  • These advancements allow for more personalized MS treatment strategies.
  • However, a lack of comprehensive evidence for clinical decision-making and the need for continuous pharmacovigilance due to rare but severe side effects are noted.

Impact:

  • Expanded therapeutic choices enable individualized treatment plans for multiple sclerosis patients.
  • The availability of diverse treatment modalities necessitates careful consideration of efficacy and safety profiles.
  • Continuous monitoring for adverse events is essential for managing the risks associated with immunotherapies for MS.