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Related Concept Videos

Vaccine Production01:23

Vaccine Production

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Vaccine production involves a sequence of upstream and downstream processes to generate a safe and effective immunological product. It begins with cultivating microorganisms, such as viruses or bacteria, to obtain antigenic material. For viral vaccines, mammalian host cells are grown in bioreactors and subsequently infected with the target virus. The virus replicates within the host cells, which are lysed to release viral particles. This lysate is then clarified through filtration or...
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Microorganisms in Medicine and Therapeutics01:29

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Microorganisms play a fundamental role in vaccine development, gene therapy, and therapeutic production. Their biological properties are harnessed to advance medicine and public health. Beyond immunization, microorganisms contribute to gut health, antibiotic synthesis, and genetic disease treatment.Live Attenuated and Inactivated VaccinesLive attenuated vaccines, such as the measles, mumps, and rubella (MMR) vaccine, utilize weakened forms of pathogens to closely resemble natural infections.
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Vaccines01:21

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Vaccines are among the most effective tools in preventive medicine, designed to prepare the immune system to recognize and combat infectious agents. By introducing antigens—substances that the immune system identifies as foreign—vaccines stimulate an adaptive immune response that leads to immunological memory. This immunological memory enables the body to mount a faster and more effective response upon future exposures to the actual pathogen.Vaccines can be categorized based on the...
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Parenteral Drug Delivery Systems: Injectables, Implants, and Infusion Devices01:28

Parenteral Drug Delivery Systems: Injectables, Implants, and Infusion Devices

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Parenteral drug delivery systems play a crucial role in modern therapeutics by enabling the direct administration of drugs into the systemic circulation, bypassing the gastrointestinal tract. These systems are particularly valuable for poorly absorbed oral medications that are unstable in the digestive environment or require rapid onset or sustained therapeutic levels. Delivery is achieved through intravenous, intramuscular, or subcutaneous routes, each selected based on the drug's properties...
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Cancer treatment vaccines are a rapidly evolving field that offers a promising approach to immunotherapy. Unlike traditional vaccines that prevent diseases, cancer treatment vaccines are designed to treat existing cancers by stimulating the immune system to recognize and attack cancer cells.
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Fabrication of Pulsatile Polymeric Microparticles Encapsulating Rabies Antigen
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Single-injection vaccines: Progress, challenges, and opportunities.

Kevin J McHugh1, Rohiverth Guarecuco1, Robert Langer1

  • 1David H. Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, United States.

Journal of Controlled Release : Official Journal of the Controlled Release Society
|August 9, 2015
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Single-administration vaccines aim to improve global immunization by releasing antigens over time. Challenges like antigen stability and release kinetics hinder their development, but strategies are being explored.

Keywords:
Antigen stabilityGlobal healthMicroparticlesProtein encapsulationRelease kineticsSingle-administration vaccines

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Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Biotechnology
  • Vaccine Development

Background:

  • Current multi-dose vaccination schedules leave millions of infants underimmunized annually.
  • Logistical barriers, especially in developing nations, limit access to timely immunization.
  • Single-administration vaccines offer a potential solution by providing sustained antigen release.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the current status of single-administration vaccine technology.
  • To identify key challenges impeding the commercialization of these vaccines.
  • To discuss potential strategies for overcoming developmental hurdles.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on controlled-release antigen delivery systems.
  • Analysis of challenges related to antigen stability and release kinetics.
  • Exploration of strategies to achieve desired release profiles and enhance antigen stability.

Main Results:

  • Controlled-release systems for single-administration vaccines have been researched for decades.
  • Commercialization is hindered by poor antigen stability and difficulties in achieving specific release kinetics.
  • Various strategies are being investigated to address these limitations.

Conclusions:

  • Single-administration vaccines hold significant promise for improving global immunization coverage.
  • Overcoming challenges in antigen stability and controlled release is crucial for clinical translation.
  • Continued research into novel delivery systems and formulation strategies is essential.