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Immunological screening of welders.
E Boshnakova1, H Divanyan, I Zlatarov
1Department of Biology, Higher Medical Institute, Varna, Bulgaria.
Journal of Hygiene, Epidemiology, Microbiology, and Immunology
|January 1, 1989
Summary
Occupational exposure in welders may suppress immune systems. Studies show decreased immunoglobulin G (IgG) and E-RFC levels, indicating potential T and B lymphocyte impairment and cell-mediated immune deficiency in 21.6% of workers.
Area of Science:
- Immunology
- Occupational Health
- Environmental Medicine
Background:
- Welders are exposed to various occupational hazards, including manganese compounds, vibration, and noise.
- The impact of these factors on the immune system is not fully understood.
- Immunological screening is crucial for assessing the health of workers in high-risk environments.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the immunological status of healthy welders.
- To evaluate the effects of occupational factors on T and B lymphocyte immune systems.
- To determine the prevalence of cell-mediated immune deficiency in this cohort.
Main Methods:
- Immunological screening of 74 healthy welders.
- Measurement of serum immunoglobulins (IgG, IgA, IgM) and E-RFC (total and active).
- Intradermal testing for cellular immunity using PPD, candidin, trichophytin, and tetanus anatoxin.
Main Results:
- Suggestive evidence of T and B lymphocyte immune system suppression.
- Decreased levels of serum IgG and total E-RFC observed.
- Cell-mediated immune deficiency identified in 21.6% of the welders studied.
Conclusions:
- Occupational factors in welding may lead to immune system suppression.
- Complex effects of manganese, vibration, and noise are potential contributors.
- Further research is warranted to elucidate the specific mechanisms of immune impairment in welders.