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The impact of effective paediatric adherence promotion interventions: systematic review and meta-analysis

M E McGrady1,2, J L Ryan1, A M Gutiérrez-Colina3

  • 1Division of Behavioral Medicine and Clinical Psychology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA.

Child: Care, Health and Development
|August 11, 2015
PubMed

Insights

Effective pediatric adherence interventions improve quality of life and family functioning while reducing healthcare use in children with chronic conditions. These findings highlight the value of adherence promotion for patients, families, and healthcare systems.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Health Outcomes
  • Chronic Disease Management
  • Healthcare Intervention Research

Background:

  • Improving adherence to medical regimens in pediatric populations is crucial for enhancing healthcare quality and managing costs.
  • Previous research suggests significant benefits associated with improved adherence, necessitating a comprehensive impact assessment.
  • This study quantifies the effects of effective adherence promotion interventions on pediatric patients, their families, and the healthcare system.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To systematically review and quantify the impact of effective adherence promotion interventions in children and adolescents with chronic medical conditions.
  • To assess the effects on patient-level, family-level (micro-level), and healthcare system-level (macro-level) outcomes.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic literature review of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) from PubMed, PsycINFO, and CINAHL.
  • Inclusion criteria: interventions improving pediatric adherence, outcomes in patients aged ≤18 years with chronic conditions.
  • Outcome variables categorized as patient-level (quality of life, activity restrictions), micro-level (family functioning, caregiver burden, missed school days), and macro-level (healthcare utilization).

Main Results:

  • Twenty studies met inclusion criteria, with an additional eight included in post hoc analyses.
  • Effective adherence promotion interventions significantly improved patient quality of life and family-level outcomes.
  • A notable decrease in healthcare utilization (e.g., emergency visits, hospitalizations) was observed in the intervention groups.

Conclusions:

  • Effective pediatric adherence promotion interventions can enhance healthcare quality and reduce healthcare spending for children with chronic conditions.
  • Interdisciplinary approaches incorporating these interventions are recommended for optimizing care and resource allocation.
  • Future research should explore the impact of these interventions across a broader range of pediatric chronic conditions.
Abstract

Keywords:
medication adherencepaediatricsquality of life

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