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Related Concept Videos

Language and Cognition01:27

Language and Cognition

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Language serves as a bridge between ideas and communication, influencing how individuals perceive and interact with the world. Psychologists have long debated whether language shapes thought or vice versa. This discussion gained grip with Edward Sapir and Benjamin Lee Whorf in the 1940s, who proposed that language determines thought, a concept known as linguistic determinism. They suggested that the vocabulary and structure of a language influence how its speakers think and perceive reality.
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Learning Disabilities01:25

Learning Disabilities

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Learning disabilities are cognitive disorders caused by neurological impairments that affect cognitive functions like language and reading, without indicating overall intellectual or developmental challenges. These disabilities differ from global intellectual or developmental disabilities as they are limited to distinct cognitive functions. Common learning disabilities include dysgraphia, dyslexia, and dyscalculia, each of which impacts unique aspects of learning.
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Treatment Strategies for Psychological Disorders01:24

Treatment Strategies for Psychological Disorders

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Treatment approaches for psychological disorders fall into three main categories: psychological, biological, and sociocultural. Each approach targets different aspects of mental health, requiring varying levels of education and training.
Psychological therapies focus on modifying emotions, thoughts, and behaviors through talking, interpreting, listening, rewarding, challenging, and modeling. Clinical psychologists, counselors, and social workers commonly practice psychotherapy. Clinical...
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Conduct Disorder01:28

Conduct Disorder

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Conduct disorder is a complex mental health diagnosis characterized by a repetitive and persistent pattern of behavior that violates societal norms, the rights of others, or age-appropriate rules. The diagnostic criteria for conduct disorder require the presence of at least three problematic behaviors within the past 12 months, with at least one occurring in the past six months. These behaviors are grouped into four categories: aggression toward people and animals; destruction of property;...
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Barriers to Effective Communication II01:21

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The barriers to effective communication also include cultural barriers, semantic barriers, gender barriers, and time constraints.
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Personality Disorders: Paranoid and Schizoid01:22

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Personality disorders represent enduring cognition, affect, and behavior patterns that significantly deviate from societal norms. These maladaptive traits often lead to difficulties in various domains, including interpersonal relationships, occupational settings, and overall psychological well-being. Paranoid personality disorder and schizoid personality disorder are two distinct conditions marked by odd or eccentric behavior.
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Multimodal Protocol for Assessing Metacognition and Self-Regulation in Adults with Learning Difficulties
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Language Disorders in Multilingual and Multicultural Populations.

Mira Goral, Peggy S Conner

    Annual Review of Applied Linguistics
    |August 11, 2015
    PubMed
    Summary

    This review examines language disorders in multilingual individuals, covering developmental and acquired conditions. It emphasizes unique assessment and treatment needs for diverse populations, including research summaries.

    Area of Science:

    • Linguistics
    • Neurology
    • Developmental Psychology

    Background:

    • Multilingual and multicultural individuals present unique challenges in understanding language disorders.
    • Both developmental (e.g., primary language impairment, reading disorders, autism, Down syndrome) and acquired (e.g., aphasia, dementia, traumatic brain injury) language disorders occur in these populations.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To review the characteristics of various language disorders in multilingual and multicultural individuals.
    • To highlight specific assessment and treatment considerations for this population.
    • To summarize recent research on language disorders in diverse individuals.

    Main Methods:

    • Literature review of developmental and acquired language disorders.
    • Focus on multilingual and multicultural contexts.

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  • Inclusion of recent research studies for each disorder.

    • Main Results:

    • Language disorders manifest differently in multilingual individuals.
    • Assessment and treatment require careful consideration of language choice, measure availability, and normative data in multiple languages.
    • Recent studies offer insights into specific disorders within this population.

    Conclusions:

    • Effective management of language disorders in multilingual individuals necessitates culturally and linguistically sensitive approaches.
    • Further research is needed to develop and validate assessment tools and treatment strategies for diverse populations.
    • Understanding the interplay of language, culture, and neurological conditions is crucial for accurate diagnosis and intervention.