Fishing the PTM proteome with chemical approaches using functional solid phases

Area of Science:

• Biochemistry
• Proteomics
• Chemical Biology

Background:

• Post-translational modifications (PTMs) are vital covalent modifications to proteins, regulating numerous biological processes.
• PTMs exist at substoichiometric levels, presenting significant analytical challenges for comprehensive PTM proteomics.
• The low abundance of PTMs necessitates advanced enrichment strategies for effective study.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review current chemical approaches for investigating PTMs.
• To highlight functional solid phases developed for PTM proteome separation.
• To address the analytical challenges in PTM proteomics.

Main Methods:

• Focuses on chemical strategies for capturing and enriching PTMs.
• Discusses the development and application of functional nanomaterials for PTM analysis.
• Explores solid-phase capture techniques utilizing specific chemical reactions.

Main Results:

• Solid-phase capture via chemical reactions offers a specific method for PTM enrichment.
• Novel functional nanomaterials have been engineered based on these chemical reactions.
• A variety of chemical approaches and solid phases are available for PTM proteome separation.

Conclusions:

• Chemical approaches and functional solid phases are essential for overcoming PTM abundance challenges.
• Advanced enrichment strategies are key to comprehensive PTM proteome determination.
• This review provides insights into the chemical methodologies for PTM investigation.