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Updated: Apr 5, 2026

A Blood-based Test for the Detection of ROS1 and RET Fusion Transcripts from Circulating Ribonucleic Acid Using Digital Polymerase Chain Reaction
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[ROS1-Translocations in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer]

A Warth1, W Weichert1, M Reck2

  • 1Institut für Pathologie, Universität Heidelberg.

Pneumologie (Stuttgart, Germany)
|August 11, 2015
PubMed
Abstract

Insights

Targeted therapy for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) with ROS1 activation shows high response rates. ROS1 alterations should be included in molecular testing for stage IV lung adenocarcinoma.

Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is a leading cause of cancer-related mortality.
  • ROS1 gene rearrangements are oncogenic drivers in a subset of NSCLC patients.
  • Identifying ROS1 alterations is crucial for guiding targeted treatment strategies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To summarize the prevalence, diagnostic approaches, and therapeutic outcomes for NSCLC patients with ROS1 activation.
  • To highlight the efficacy of targeted therapies in this specific patient population.

Main Methods:

  • A comprehensive internet-based literature search was conducted.
  • Included clinical and preclinical studies, as well as ongoing research from web-based databases.

Main Results:

  • ROS1 translocations occur in 1-2% of NSCLC and 3-6% of pulmonary adenocarcinomas, detected via in situ hybridization.
  • Crizotinib, a ROS1 inhibitor, demonstrated 70-80% response rates and a median progression-free survival of approximately 19 months in Phase I trials.
  • Treatment with crizotinib was generally well-tolerated.

Conclusions:

  • Targeted therapy offers promising response and survival benefits for NSCLC patients with ROS1 translocations.
  • ROS1 alterations should be incorporated into routine molecular testing panels for stage IV pulmonary adenocarcinomas.

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