Mandibular Premolars with Multiple Roots:A Case Report

Although the human mandibular premolars are known to exhibit variations in their root and canal configurations, multiple roots in mandibular premolars are rare though some cases have been reported. Prevalence of two rooted mandibular first and second premolars have been reported to be 1.8% - 2.1% and 0.4% respectively. Variations in root anatomy have been seen to differ with racial groups, gender and genetics. This case documents anatomical variation of mandibular premolars roots with a view to enhance successful endodontic treatments in Nigerians. A radiological investigation of the right and left mandibular jaw of a 20 year old man revealed that the mandibular right first and second premolars had two roots each. The left second premolar also presented with two roots. The occurrence of anatomical variations in the roots and canals of the human mandibular premolars cannot be overemphasised and should be considered diligently before performing endodontic treatment.