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Related Concept Videos

Atherosclerosis I: Introduction01:30

Atherosclerosis I: Introduction

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Atherosclerosis is a progressive disorder characterized by the buildup of plaques on the arterial inner wall, causing them to narrow and harden over time. These plaques comprise lipids, calcium, blood components, carbohydrates, and fibrous tissue. The process primarily affects the intima of large and medium-sized arteries, reducing blood flow in any artery.Etiology and risk factorsThe cause of atherosclerosis is multifactorial, involving a complex interplay among endothelial injury, lipid...
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Inflammation01:38

Inflammation

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Overview
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Coronary Artery Disease II: Pathophysiology01:26

Coronary Artery Disease II: Pathophysiology

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Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) originates from a series of events that impair the function of coronary arteries, the blood vessels responsible for delivering oxygen-rich blood to the heart muscle. The pathophysiology of CAD is closely linked to atherosclerosis, a chronic inflammatory and lipid-driven condition affecting the vascular endothelium.1. Endothelial DamageThe process begins with damage to the vascular endothelium, which serves as a protective barrier between the blood and the vessel...
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Formation of the Platelet Plug01:22

Formation of the Platelet Plug

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The platelet phase, the second stage of hemostasis, commences around 15-20 seconds after an injury. It follows and overlaps with the vascular phase, during which blood vessels constrict to minimize blood loss.
As the injured blood vessel contracts, endothelial cells undergo contraction, revealing collagen fibers in the basement membrane and underlying connective tissue. Furthermore, the plasma membrane of endothelial cells becomes adhesive, preparing the site for platelet adhesion. Platelets...
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Peripheral Artery Disease I: Introduction01:30

Peripheral Artery Disease I: Introduction

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Peripheral artery disease (PAD) predominantly results from atherosclerosis, which involves the accumulation of fatty deposits, or plaques, within the walls of arteries. This causes them to narrow and harden, significantly reducing blood flow. PAD predominantly affects the legs, particularly the arteries supplying the thighs and calves. In rare cases, it may involve other arteries, including those in the arms.Etiology of PAD:The principal cause of PAD is atherosclerosis, which results from fatty...
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Coronary Artery Disease I: Introduction01:30

Coronary Artery Disease I: Introduction

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Coronary Artery Disease (CAD): An Overview with Scientific InsightsCoronary Artery Disease (CAD), often referred to as C-A-D, is a prevalent blood vessel disorder classified under the broader category of atherosclerosis. Atherosclerosis is a pathological process characterized by the hardening and narrowing of arteries due to the accumulation of atherosclerotic plaques. These plaques are composed of cholesterol, fatty substances, inflammatory cells, calcium, and fibrin, reducing blood flow to...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 5, 2026

A Human Ex Vivo Atherosclerotic Plaque Model to Study Lesion Biology
05:51

A Human Ex Vivo Atherosclerotic Plaque Model to Study Lesion Biology

Published on: May 6, 2014

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Inflammation and plaque vulnerability.

G K Hansson1, P Libby2, I Tabas3

  • 1Department of Medicine and Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden.

Journal of Internal Medicine
|August 12, 2015
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Atherosclerosis is a chronic inflammatory disease leading to plaque buildup and potential thrombus formation. Understanding plaque vulnerability and endothelial erosion is key to preventing life-threatening ischemic events.

Keywords:
atherosclerosisatherothrombosisen-dothelial erosioninflammationplaque rupture

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A Method to Study the Correlation Between Local Collagen Structure and Mechanical Properties of Atherosclerotic Plaque Fibrous Tissue
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In vivo Near Infrared Fluorescence NIRF Intravascular Molecular Imaging of Inflammatory Plaque, a Multimodal Approach to Imaging of Atherosclerosis
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A Method to Study the Correlation Between Local Collagen Structure and Mechanical Properties of Atherosclerotic Plaque Fibrous Tissue
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A Method to Study the Correlation Between Local Collagen Structure and Mechanical Properties of Atherosclerotic Plaque Fibrous Tissue

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Area of Science:

  • Cardiovascular Biology
  • Inflammation Research
  • Translational Medicine

Background:

  • Atherosclerosis is a chronic inflammatory disease characterized by arterial plaque formation.
  • Atherothrombosis, a complication, arises from plaque rupture or endothelial erosion, leading to potentially fatal ischemic events.
  • Plaque vulnerability is linked to reduced collagen content and mechanical instability.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the molecular mechanisms underlying plaque vulnerability in atherosclerosis.
  • To discuss the development of atherothrombosis following plaque surface damage.
  • To explore the roles of metabolic and immune insults in endothelial erosion.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of molecular mechanisms in atherosclerosis.
  • Analysis of factors contributing to plaque rupture and endothelial erosion.
  • Synthesis of current understanding on atherothrombosis development.

Main Results:

  • Plaque rupture is associated with decreased collagen cap strength, increasing vulnerability.
  • Endothelial erosion can be triggered by metabolic disturbances or immune system insults.
  • Both mechanisms can lead to thrombus formation and subsequent ischemia.

Conclusions:

  • Molecular mechanisms of plaque vulnerability are critical in atherothrombosis.
  • Targeting plaque stability and endothelial integrity may offer therapeutic strategies.
  • Further research into metabolic and immune pathways is needed to prevent atherothrombosis.