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Related Concept Videos

Kidney Transplant I: Introduction01:28

Kidney Transplant I: Introduction

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A kidney transplant is a surgical approach that involves replacing a non-functioning kidney with a healthy one from a donor. This procedure is often a treatment option for end-stage renal disease (ESRD) patients. The method requires careful recipient selection, including evaluating various medical and psychosocial factors. These criteria vary between transplant centers but generally include assessments of the patient's overall health, adherence to medical recommendations, and lifestyle...
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Kidney Transplant III: Nursing Management01:16

Kidney Transplant III: Nursing Management

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Postoperative Nursing Management for Kidney Transplant PatientsPostoperative nursing management care includes monitoring the surgical site, encouraging early movement, and promoting lung health through breathing exercises. Nurses also administer prescribed medications like H2-blockers, such as famotidine, or proton pump inhibitors, like omeprazole, to help prevent gastrointestinal ulcers and bleeding. Fungal infections in the mouth and bladder can result from immunosuppressive and antibiotic...
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Kidney Transplant II: Surgical Procedure01:26

Kidney Transplant II: Surgical Procedure

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Preoperative ManagementThe primary goals of preoperative management in kidney transplantation are to optimize the patient’s metabolic state and prepare them for surgery through diet adjustments, necessary dialysis, and tailored medical treatment. This phase also involves comprehensive infection screening and patient education about the surgical procedure and postoperative care to improve outcomes and adherence.Medical ManagementA comprehensive evaluation is required for both the living...
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Drug Dosing in Renal Diseases: Estimation of Glomerular Filtration Rate Based on Serum Creatinine Concentration01:28

Drug Dosing in Renal Diseases: Estimation of Glomerular Filtration Rate Based on Serum Creatinine Concentration

308
Glomerular filtration rate (GFR) can be estimated from serum creatinine using the modification of diet in renal disease (MDRD) formula or the chronic kidney disease–epidemiology collaboration (CKD–EPI) equation. Both methods are widely used in clinical practice to assess kidney function and guide treatment decisions.The MDRD equation does not require weight or height measurements and is normalized to the body surface area of 1.73 m², considered the average adult surface area.
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Related Experiment Video

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Orthotopic Kidney Auto-Transplantation in a Porcine Model Using 24 Hours Organ Preservation And Continuous Telemetry
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Using Genetic Variation to Predict and Extend Long-term Kidney Transplant Function.

Matthew J Simmonds1

  • 11 Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism (OCDEM), University of Oxford, Churchill Hospital, Headington, Oxford, United Kingdom.

Transplantation
|August 12, 2015
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Identifying genetic predictors of kidney transplant success is crucial for early intervention and improved long-term graft function. Research explores candidate genes and genomic screening to enhance patient outcomes and increase graft lifespan.

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Area of Science:

  • Nephrology
  • Immunogenetics
  • Transplantation Medicine

Background:

  • Renal transplantation significantly improves quality of life for patients with end-stage renal disease, replacing dialysis and restoring kidney function.
  • While clinical indicators exist for graft loss, early prediction of graft function is vital for timely therapeutic intervention.
  • Genetic matching, particularly at the HLA region, is established, but additional genetic predictors are sought to optimize transplant outcomes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review candidate gene studies identifying genetic variants associated with kidney transplant outcomes.
  • To discuss challenges in candidate gene studies, including inconsistent results and methodological limitations.
  • To explore how genomic advances offer new insights into graft loss mechanisms and therapeutic targets.

Main Methods:

  • Review of candidate gene studies focusing on genetic variants in immunosuppression, immune response, and fibrotic pathways.
  • Analysis of factors influencing transplant outcome, including donor-recipient matching and ethnic group considerations.
  • Discussion of recent genomic screening advancements and their potential impact on understanding graft loss.

Main Results:

  • Candidate gene studies have identified variants in immunosuppression, immune response, and fibrotic pathways correlating with graft outcomes.
  • Inconsistencies in findings are often attributed to variations in donor/recipient selection criteria and small sample sizes.
  • Genomic screening is beginning to reveal novel insights into mechanisms of long-term graft loss.

Conclusions:

  • Early identification of genetic predictors can guide therapeutic strategies to preserve kidney graft function and prevent failure.
  • Overcoming challenges in genetic studies is essential for reliable prediction of transplant success.
  • Genomic insights hold promise for developing targeted therapies to extend graft lifespan and improve patient benefits.