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Multicellular organisms employ a variety of ways for cells to communicate with each other. Gap junctions are specialized proteins that form pores between neighboring cells in animals, connecting the cytoplasm between the two, and allowing for the exchange of molecules and ions. They are found in a wide range of invertebrate and vertebrate species, mediate numerous functions including cell differentiation and development, and are associated with numerous human diseases, including cardiac and...
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The cytoplasm of adjacent animal cells can exchange small molecules, ions, and secondary messengers via the communication channels which form the gap junctions. These junctions comprise a few hundred to thousands of molecular channels, each made of two halves, called the connexon hemichannel. A connexon is a hexamer of six transmembrane connexin proteins, which assemble radially, thus forming a pore or channel in the center. One connexon hemichannel docks with a corresponding connexon on the...
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Related Experiment Video

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Protocol to Create Chronic Wounds in Diabetic Mice
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Abnormal connexin expression in human chronic wounds.

J E S Sutcliffe1, K Y Chin1, C Thrasivoulou1

  • 1Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University College London, Gower Street, London, WC1E 6BT, U.K.

The British Journal of Dermatology
|August 13, 2015
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Connexin 43, 26, and 30 are upregulated in chronic wounds, unlike acute healing. Targeting connexin 43 may improve chronic ulcer healing and cell migration.

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Area of Science:

  • Cell biology
  • Wound healing research
  • Dermatology

Background:

  • Connexin expression is crucial for acute wound repair.
  • Connexin 43 (Cx43) downregulation aids cell migration, while its overexpression impairs healing.
  • Diabetic rodent models show impaired healing with abnormal Cx43 levels.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate connexin 43, 26, and 30 protein expression in human chronic wounds.
  • To compare connexin levels in chronic ulcers versus healthy skin.

Main Methods:

  • Punch biopsies from chronic wounds (venous leg, diabetic foot, pressure ulcers) and matched controls.
  • Confocal microscopy used for quantifying connexin expression in tissue sections.
  • Expression levels compared between wounded and non-wounded skin per patient.

Main Results:

  • Striking upregulation of epidermal connexin 43, 26, and 30 observed in all chronic wound types.
  • Dermal connexin 43 was also significantly upregulated across all ulcer types.
  • Connexin upregulation is a common characteristic of chronic wounds.

Conclusions:

  • Upregulated connexins are a hallmark of chronic wounds.
  • Targeting connexin 43 presents a potential therapeutic strategy for chronic ulcer healing.
  • Further research into connexin modulation could enhance cell migration and repair.