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Related Concept Videos

Autism Spectrum Disorder01:19

Autism Spectrum Disorder

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Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental condition marked by persistent deficits in social communication and interaction alongside restrictive and repetitive behaviors or interests. ASD is sometimes accompanied by intellectual impairment.
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Modeling, a key technique in therapy, uses observational learning to help clients acquire and practice new skills by watching therapists demonstrate desired behaviors. This approach, rooted in Albert Bandura's concept of vicarious learning, plays a significant role in therapeutic interventions for various psychological conditions, including social anxiety, ADHD, and depression.
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The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM) serves as the primary classification system for mental health disorders, providing standardized diagnostic criteria for clinicians and researchers. First published by the American Psychiatric Association (APA) in 1952, the DSM has undergone several revisions to reflect evolving psychiatric understanding. The fifth edition, DSM-5, released in 2013, introduced key updates that expanded diagnostic categories and modified diagnostic...
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A persistent pattern of angry or irritable mood, defiant behavior, or vindictiveness characterizes Oppositional Defiant Disorder (ODD). Symptoms must occur over at least six months, involve interactions with individuals beyond siblings, and meet specific diagnostic criteria to be clinically significant. The disorder affects emotional regulation, social interactions, and behavior, often manifesting early in life and influencing long-term development and functioning.
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Testing Sensory and Multisensory Function in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder
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Re-conceptualizing ASD Within a Dimensional Framework: Positive, Negative, and Cognitive Feature Clusters.

Jennifer H Foss-Feig1, James C McPartland2, Alan Anticevic3

  • 1Yale University Child Study Center, 230 South Frontage Rd, New Haven, CT, 06520, USA. jennifer.foss-feig@yale.edu.

Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders
|August 13, 2015
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study proposes a new dimensional model for Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) features, moving beyond traditional classifications. This approach aims to improve diagnosis, treatment, and understanding of ASD

Keywords:
Autism spectrum disorderClassificationDiagnosisHeterogeneityRDoCSymptoms

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Psychiatry
  • Genetics

Background:

  • The National Institute of Mental Health's Research Domain Criteria and revised diagnostic manuals necessitate new frameworks for understanding Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) heterogeneity.
  • Current diagnostic approaches struggle to capture the diverse range of ASD symptoms.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To propose a novel conceptualization of ASD features using a dimensional approach.
  • To enhance the classification, diagnosis, and treatment of ASD.
  • To facilitate exploration of underlying neural and genetic factors contributing to ASD.

Main Methods:

  • Borrowing from schizophrenia research, we cluster ASD features along positive, negative, and cognitive dimensions.
  • This conceptual framework is applied to analyze ASD heterogeneity.

Main Results:

  • The proposed dimensional conceptualization offers improved abilities in key areas.
  • Potential for enhanced classification, diagnosis, and treatment application.
  • Facilitates prediction of treatment response and exploration of biological underpinnings.

Conclusions:

  • This dimensional model provides a clinically and biologically useful framework for understanding ASD heterogeneity.
  • It advances the field by offering a new perspective on ASD classification and research.
  • The model holds promise for more targeted and effective interventions for individuals with ASD.