[PHARMACONUTRITION IN SEVERELY ILL PATIENT]

Area of Science:

• Clinical Nutrition
• Critical Care Medicine
• Biochemistry

Background:

• Pharmaconutrients are compounds with nutritional and therapeutic roles.
• They are used in severe pathologies like sepsis, trauma, burns, and major surgery.
• Enriching formulas with pharmaconutrients can positively influence patient outcomes.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review current evidence on pharmaconutrients.
• To analyze their effects, indications, limitations, and risks.
• To provide comprehensive information for clinical application.

Main Methods:

• Literature review of scientific evidence.
• Analysis of studies on pharmaconutrient efficacy and safety.
• Synthesis of data on specific compounds and their mixtures.

Main Results:

• Pharmaconutrients modulate inflammatory response and infection.
• They can lead to reduced mortality, shorter hospital and ICU stays, and less mechanical ventilation.
• Key pharmaconutrients include arginine, glutamine, nucleotides, omega-3 fatty acids, and antioxidants.

Conclusions:

• Pharmaconutrients offer significant benefits in managing critical illnesses.
• Further research is needed to optimize their use and understand contraindications.
• Clinical application requires careful consideration of dosage and potential adverse effects.