Related Experiment Video
Updated: Apr 5, 2026
07:13
Digital Home-Monitoring of Patients after Kidney Transplantation: The MACCS Platform
Published on: April 12, 2021
5.4K
[Infectious complications after kindred kidney allotransplantation]
E P Volynchik1, N S Bogomolova1, S M Kusnetsova1
1acad. B.V. Petrovskiy Russian Scientific Center for Surgery of RAS, Moscow, Russia.
Khirurgiia
|August 15, 2015
Summary
Living donor kidney transplant patients experienced early infections, primarily gram-negative bacteria. Specific antibiotics like polymyxin and imipenem remain effective for preventing these complications.
Area of Science:
- Nephrology
- Infectious Diseases
- Transplantation Immunology
Context:
- Living donor kidney transplantation is a vital treatment for end-stage renal disease.
- Postoperative complications, particularly infections, can significantly impact patient outcomes.
- Understanding the microbial landscape and antibiotic resistance patterns is crucial for effective management.
Purpose:
- To analyze the incidence and types of early postoperative infectious complications following living donor kidney transplantation.
- To identify the predominant microorganisms responsible for these infections.
- To evaluate the 7-year antibiotic susceptibility patterns and recommend preferred agents for prophylaxis.
Summary:
- A retrospective analysis of 231 living donor kidney transplant recipients revealed a 22% incidence of early postoperative complications, with infections occurring in 30 cases.
- Predominant pathogens included gram-negative bacteria (Enterobacteriaceae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Acinetobacter spp.) and Staphylococcus.
- Antibiotic susceptibility data over 7 years indicated that polymyxin, imipenem, cefoperazone/sulbactam, amikacin, linezolid, vancomycin, moxifloxacin, voriconazole, amphotericin B, and fluconazole retain activity against key pathogens.
Impact:
- Identifies key pathogens causing early infections post-kidney transplant.
- Provides crucial 7-year antibiotic susceptibility data for gram-negative bacteria, staphylococci, and Candida species.
- Recommends specific antibiotics for the prevention of perioperative and early postoperative infectious complications, guiding clinical practice and improving patient care.
Related Concept Videos
01:26Kidney Transplant II: Surgical Procedure
815
Preoperative ManagementThe primary goals of preoperative management in kidney transplantation are to optimize the patient’s metabolic state and prepare them for surgery through diet adjustments, necessary dialysis, and tailored medical treatment. This phase also involves comprehensive infection screening and patient education about the surgical procedure and postoperative care to improve outcomes and adherence.Medical ManagementA comprehensive evaluation is required for both the living...
815
01:16Kidney Transplant III: Nursing Management
579
Postoperative Nursing Management for Kidney Transplant PatientsPostoperative nursing management care includes monitoring the surgical site, encouraging early movement, and promoting lung health through breathing exercises. Nurses also administer prescribed medications like H2-blockers, such as famotidine, or proton pump inhibitors, like omeprazole, to help prevent gastrointestinal ulcers and bleeding. Fungal infections in the mouth and bladder can result from immunosuppressive and antibiotic...
579
01:28Kidney Transplant I: Introduction
709
A kidney transplant is a surgical approach that involves replacing a non-functioning kidney with a healthy one from a donor. This procedure is often a treatment option for end-stage renal disease (ESRD) patients. The method requires careful recipient selection, including evaluating various medical and psychosocial factors. These criteria vary between transplant centers but generally include assessments of the patient's overall health, adherence to medical recommendations, and lifestyle...
709
01:30Acute Kidney Injury IV: Diagnostic Studies and Prevention
499
Accurate diagnosis and effective prevention are critical in managing Acute Kidney Injury (AKI), which is linked to high mortality rates ranging from 10% to 80%. Timely recognition of at-risk patients and careful monitoring can significantly reduce the likelihood of kidney damage.Diagnostic Assessments:The diagnostic process starts with a comprehensive medical history to identify prerenal, intrarenal, and postrenal causes.Prerenal causes, such as dehydration, hypotension, or blood loss, should...
499
01:29Acute Kidney Injury II: Pathophysiology
1.9K
Acute kidney injury (AKI) causes are categorized into three primary categories based on the location of the injury: prerenal, intrarenal (or intrinsic), and postrenal causes. This classification guides clinical management and illustrates how different pathways can impair kidney function.Etiology and Pathophysiology of Acute Kidney Injury1. Prerenal causesEtiology: Prerenal Acute Kidney Injury, the most common type, occurs when reduced blood flow to the kidneys decreases filtration capacity...
1.9K
01:25Peritoneal Dialysis II: Peritoneal Dialysis Systems and Complications
1.7K
Peritoneal dialysis (PD) is a medical process that removes waste products and excess fluid from the body using the peritoneal membrane as a natural filter.Peritoneal Dialysis MethodsSeveral methods can be used for peritoneal dialysis, including Acute Intermittent Peritoneal Dialysis, Continuous Ambulatory Peritoneal Dialysis, and Automated Peritoneal Dialysis, also known as Continuous Cyclic Peritoneal Dialysis.Acute Intermittent Peritoneal Dialysis (AIPD) is used for patients with uremic...
1.7K