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Association of Hepatitis C Virus Infection with Proteinuria and Glomerular Filtration Rate

Nargiza Kurbanova1, Rehan Qayyum2

  • 1Community College of Baltimore County, School of Health Professions-Nursing, Catonsville, Maryland, USA.

Clinical and Translational Science
|August 15, 2015
PubMed

Insights

Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is linked to proteinuria and higher glomerular filtration rate (GFR), but not chronic kidney disease (CKD). Further research is needed to understand these associations.

Area of Science:

  • Nephrology
  • Hepatology
  • Epidemiology

Background:

  • The association between Hepatitis C Virus (HCV) infection and Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) remains a subject of ongoing debate and research.
  • Previous studies have yielded conflicting results regarding the direct link between HCV and the development of CKD.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the relationship between Hepatitis C Virus (HCV) infection and the prevalence of Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD).
  • To analyze the association between HCV and markers of kidney function, including proteinuria and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR).

Main Methods:

  • Utilized data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) spanning 1999-2012, including 33,729 participants.
  • Confirmed HCV infection using anti-HCV antibody testing and recombinant immunoblot assay (RIBA).
  • Defined proteinuria as a urine albumin-to-creatinine ratio > 30 mg/g and CKD as an eGFR < 60 mL/min/1.73 m(2).
  • Employed linear and logistic regression models, adjusting for covariates and accounting for the complex survey design.

Main Results:

  • HCV infection was identified in 1.73% (659 participants) of the study population.
  • HCV infection was significantly associated with proteinuria in both unadjusted (OR=1.40, p=0.01) and adjusted (OR=1.50, p=0.02) analyses.
  • Individuals with HCV exhibited significantly higher eGFR values compared to those without HCV in both unadjusted (1.4 mL/min, p=0.04) and adjusted (2.7 mL/min, p<0.001) analyses.
  • No significant association was found between HCV infection and the presence of CKD in adjusted or unadjusted models.

Conclusions:

  • Hepatitis C Virus (HCV) infection is independently associated with proteinuria and higher glomerular filtration rates (GFR).
  • The study did not find a direct association between HCV infection and Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD).
  • The underlying biological mechanisms driving the observed associations between HCV, proteinuria, and GFR warrant further investigation.
Abstract

Keywords:
chronic kidney diseaseglomerular filtration ratehepatitis C virusproteinuria

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