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Coordination Compounds and Nomenclature

Coordination Compounds and Nomenclature

In most main group element compounds, the valence electrons of the isolated atoms combine to form chemical bonds that satisfy the octet rule. For instance, the four valence electrons of carbon overlap with electrons from four hydrogen atoms to form CH4. The one valence electron leaves sodium and adds to the seven valence electrons of chlorine to form the ionic formula unit NaCl (Figure 1a). Transition metals do not normally bond in this fashion. They primarily form coordinate covalent bonds, a...

Metal-Ligand Bonds

Metal-Ligand Bonds

The hemoglobin in the blood, the chlorophyll in green plants, vitamin B-12, and the catalyst used in the manufacture of polyethylene all contain coordination compounds. Ions of the metals, especially the transition metals, are likely to form complexes.
In these complexes, transition metals form coordinate covalent bonds, a kind of Lewis acid-base interaction in which both of the electrons in the bond are contributed by a donor (Lewis base) to an electron acceptor (Lewis acid). The Lewis acid in...

Coordination Number and Geometry

Coordination Number and Geometry

For transition metal complexes, the coordination number determines the geometry around the central metal ion. Table 1 compares coordination numbers to molecular geometry. The most common structures of the complexes in coordination compounds are octahedral, tetrahedral, and square planar.

Valence Bond Theory

Valence Bond Theory

Coordination compounds and complexes exhibit different colors, geometries, and magnetic behavior, depending on the metal atom/ion and ligands from which they are composed. In an attempt to explain the bonding and structure of coordination complexes, Linus Pauling proposed the valence bond theory, or VBT, using the concepts of hybridization and the overlapping of the atomic orbitals. According to VBT, the central metal atom or ion (Lewis acid) hybridizes to provide empty orbitals of suitable...

Structural Isomerism

Structural Isomerism

Isomerism in Complexes
Isomers are different chemical species that have the same chemical formula. Structural isomerism of coordination compounds can be divided into two subcategories, the linkage isomers and coordination-sphere isomers.
Linkage isomers occur when the coordination compound contains a ligand that can bind to the transition metal center through two different atoms. For example, the CN− ligand can bind through the carbon atom or through the nitrogen atom. Similarly, SCN− can...

Ionic Crystal Structures

Ionic Crystal Structures

Ionic crystals consist of two or more different kinds of ions that usually have different sizes. The packing of these ions into a crystal structure is more complex than the packing of metal atoms that are the same size.
Most monatomic ions behave as charged spheres, and their attraction for ions of opposite charge is the same in every direction. Consequently, stable structures for ionic compounds result (1) when ions of one charge are surrounded by as many ions as possible of the opposite...

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Author Spotlight: Experimental Approaches for the Synthesis of Low-Valent Metal-Organic Frameworks from Multitopic Phosphine Linkers

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Macrocyclic weakly coordinating anions.

Kai Landskron¹

¹Department of Chemistry, Lehigh University, 6 East Packer Avenue, Bethlehem, PA 18015 (USA), Fax: (+1) 610-758-6536. kal205@lehigh.edu.

Chemistry (Weinheim an Der Bergstrasse, Germany)

|August 15, 2015

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Macrocyclic weakly coordinating anions (M-WCAs) are introduced, offering new possibilities for materials science. These M-WCAs are synthesized via self-assembly and show promise in gas storage, catalysis, and electrolytes.

Keywords:

catalysis gas adsorption macrocycles nanoporosity weakly coordinating anions

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Published on: September 7, 2019

Area of Science:

Supramolecular Chemistry
Materials Science

Background:

Weakly coordinating anions (WCAs) are crucial in various chemical applications.
The development of novel WCA architectures is an active area of research.

Purpose of the Study:

To introduce the concept and synthesis of macrocyclic weakly coordinating anions (M-WCAs).
To explore the potential properties and applications of M-WCAs in diverse fields.

Main Methods:

Thermodynamically controlled self-assembly.
Condensation reactions.
Alkyne metathesis reactions.

Main Results:

High-yield synthesis of M-WCAs achieved.
M-WCAs demonstrate potential for gas storage and separation.
M-WCAs show promise in homogeneous and heterogeneous catalysis.
M-WCAs are suitable as liquid and solid electrolytes.

Conclusions:

Macrocyclic weakly coordinating anions represent a novel class of compounds.
M-WCAs offer versatile applications in energy storage, catalysis, and separation technologies.