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Related Concept Videos

Brain Imaging01:14

Brain Imaging

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Brain imaging technologies provide critical insights into both the structure and function of the human brain, enabling medical professionals and researchers to diagnose, study, and treat neurological disorders or psychiatric disorders more effectively.
These technologies include computerized axial tomography (CAT or CT scans), positron-emission tomography (PET scans),  magnetic resonance imaging (MRI),  functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), and Transcranial Magnetic...
956

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Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation for Online Gamers
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Brain Imaging in Gambling Disorder.

Saskia Quester1, Nina Romanczuk-Seiferth1

  • 1Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Charité Campus Mitte, Charitéplatz 1, 10117 Berlin, Germany.

Current Addiction Reports
|August 15, 2015
PubMed
Summary

Gambling disorder, a behavioral addiction, shows brain changes similar to substance use disorders. Research highlights unique reward processing, particularly loss aversion, and altered brain structure and connectivity in individuals with gambling disorder.

Keywords:
Brain volumeFunctional connectivityLoss aversionLoss avoidancePathological gamblingRewardfMRI

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Psychiatry
  • Addiction Research

Background:

  • Gambling disorder is now classified with substance-related and addictive disorders, sharing diagnostic criteria like loss of control and craving.
  • A unique symptom of gambling disorder is 'chasing losses,' prompting research into reward processing, specifically loss avoidance and aversion.
  • As a 'pure' behavioral addiction, gambling disorder offers a unique model for studying addiction's neural underpinnings without drug influence.

Approach:

  • This review synthesizes findings from neuroimaging studies on gambling disorder.
  • Focus areas include brain volume alterations and functional connectivity.
  • Emphasis is placed on the processing of rewards, losses, loss avoidance, and loss aversion.

Key Points:

  • Gambling disorder exhibits distinct patterns in reward and loss processing compared to substance use disorders.
  • Neuroimaging reveals potential alterations in brain structure (volume) and functional connectivity in individuals with gambling disorder.
  • Loss aversion and avoidance are critical areas of investigation for understanding the neural basis of this behavioral addiction.

Conclusions:

  • Further neuroimaging research is crucial to fully understand the neural signatures of gambling disorder.
  • Investigating brain volume and functional connectivity can provide a more complete picture of addiction's neurological impact.
  • Understanding unique aspects like loss processing is key to developing targeted interventions for gambling disorder.