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Population-Based Studies on the Epidemiology of Insulin Resistance in Children

M P van der Aa1, S Fazeli Farsani2, C A J Knibbe3

  • 1Department of Pediatrics, St. Antonius Hospital, P.O. Box 2500, 3430 EM Nieuwegein, Netherlands.

Journal of Diabetes Research
|August 15, 2015
PubMed

Insights

Childhood insulin resistance (IR) prevalence varies widely due to differing definitions. Overweight, obese children, and girls show higher IR rates, highlighting the need for standardized diagnostic criteria.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Endocrinology
  • Metabolic Health
  • Epidemiology

Background:

  • Childhood obesity rates are rising globally.
  • Understanding the epidemiology of insulin resistance (IR) in children is crucial for addressing prediabetes.
  • Population-based data on IR prevalence and incidence in pediatric populations are essential.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To systematically review and summarize population-based studies on the prevalence and incidence of insulin resistance (IR) in children.
  • To provide an overview of the current epidemiological landscape of pediatric IR.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic search of PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library for relevant population-based studies.
  • Extraction and summarization of prevalence rates, diagnostic methods, and cut-off values for IR.
  • Analysis of weight- and sex-specific prevalence rates where available.

Main Results:

  • Eighteen studies reported IR prevalence ranging from 3.1% to 44%, influenced by varied definitions.
  • Overweight and obese children exhibited significantly higher IR prevalence compared to normal-weight children.
  • Seven of thirteen studies indicated a higher prevalence of IR in girls than in boys.

Conclusions:

  • Significant variability exists in reported childhood IR prevalence, largely attributed to diverse diagnostic criteria.
  • Overweight/obesity and female sex are associated with increased IR in children.
  • Establishing a consensus definition for pediatric IR is necessary for comparable research and clinical practice.
Abstract

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