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Preparation of Free-Surface Hyperbolic Water Vortices
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Flow patterns in a rotating horizontal cylinder partially filled with liquid.

Victor Kozlov1, Denis Polezhaev1

  • 1Laboratory of Vibrational Hydromechanics, Perm State Humanitarian Pedagogical University, Perm, Russia.

Physical Review. E, Statistical, Nonlinear, and Soft Matter Physics
|August 15, 2015
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Summary

This study investigates liquid flow in a rotating cylinder, revealing two new flow patterns: large-scale end-wall flows driven by inertial modes and small-scale Taylor-Gortler vortices from centrifugal instability.

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Area of Science:

  • Fluid Dynamics
  • Physics of Rotating Systems

Background:

  • An annular layer of low-viscosity liquid in a horizontal cylinder undergoes azimuthal oscillations due to gravity.
  • Understanding the stability of this 2D azimuthal flow is crucial for predicting complex fluid behaviors.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To experimentally investigate the dynamics of an annular liquid layer within a rapidly rotating horizontal cylinder.
  • To identify and characterize novel axisymmetric liquid flow patterns under gravitational and rotational forces.

Main Methods:

  • Experimental study of liquid dynamics in a rotating horizontal cylinder.
  • Analysis of the stability of two-dimensional azimuthal flow.
  • Observation and characterization of emergent axisymmetric flow structures.

Main Results:

  • Discovery of a large-scale, axially symmetric flow near end walls, driven by inertial modes in corner regions.
  • Identification of small-scale Taylor-Gortler vortices resulting from centrifugal instability of the oscillatory flow.
  • Observed vortex spatial period aligns with studies on cellular flow in librating containers.

Conclusions:

  • The study reveals two novel axisymmetric flow regimes in a rotating annular liquid system.
  • Inertial modes and centrifugal instability are key mechanisms driving these distinct flow patterns.
  • Findings contribute to the understanding of fluid behavior in confined, rotating environments.