Androgen receptor and antiandrogen therapy in male breast cancer

Area of Science:

• Oncology
• Endocrinology
• Molecular Biology

Background:

• Male breast cancer is rare and hormone-dependent, primarily treated with antiestrogen therapy.
• The role of androgens and the androgen receptor (AR) in male breast cancer has been historically overlooked.
• Emerging evidence suggests AR signaling contributes to male breast cancer development and progression.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review molecular investigations of the androgen receptor in male breast cancer.
• To discuss the role of androgens within the endocrine networks supporting male breast cancer.
• To summarize clinical evidence for antiandrogen therapies and propose improved management strategies.

Main Methods:

• Comprehensive review of genomic, transcriptomic, and phenotypic studies on the androgen receptor in male breast cancer.
• Analysis of endocrine feedback mechanisms and the role of androgens in treatment resistance.
• Synthesis of existing clinical data on antiandrogen efficacy and safety.

Main Results:

• Androgen receptor is a viable therapeutic target in male breast cancer.
• Androgens play a complex role in male breast cancer endocrine networks and acquired resistance.
• Clinical data, though limited, suggests potential benefits of antiandrogens in specific contexts.

Conclusions:

• Revisiting antiandrogen therapy is crucial for advancing male breast cancer treatment.
• Further research and clinical trials are needed to optimize the use of antiandrogens.
• Targeting the androgen receptor offers a promising avenue for improving patient outcomes.