Age differences in experiential and deliberative processes in unambiguous and ambiguous decision making.
Yumi H Huang1, Stacey Wood2, Dale E Berger1
1Department of Psychology, Claremont Graduate University.
Psychology and Aging
|August 18, 2015
Summary
Older adults show declines in deliberative decision-making but maintain experiential abilities. This study found age differences in description-based tasks, not experience-based ones, highlighting how cognitive changes affect choices.
Area of Science:
- Cognitive psychology
- Neuroscience of aging
- Decision science
Background:
- Older adults often experience declines in deliberative decision-making capacities.
- Affective and experiential decision-making abilities tend to remain intact with age.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate age differences in description-based and experience-based decision-making tasks.
- To examine the role of deliberative capacities in age-related decision-making performance.
Main Methods:
- Utilized the Columbia Card Task (CCT) as a description-based task.
- Employed the Iowa Gambling Task (IGT) as an experience-based task.
- Assessed executive control and numeracy abilities as measures of deliberative capacities.
Main Results:
- Older adults performed worse on the CCT compared to younger adults.
- No significant age differences were observed in performance on the IGT.
- Deliberative capacities explained age-related performance differences on the CCT, but not the IGT.
Conclusions:
- Age-related declines in deliberative capacities impact description-based decision-making.
- Experiential decision-making tasks show fewer age-related effects.
- Older adults reported greater reliance on affect-based strategies in experience-based tasks.
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