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Anaphylaxis is a severe, life-threatening hypersensitivity reaction mediated by Immunoglobulin E (IgE) antibodies. When IgE binds to allergens, it triggers the release of mediators– histamine, leukotrienes, and prostaglandins from mast cells and basophils. These mediators cause vasodilation, edema, and inflammation, leading to various symptoms.The primary allergens causing anaphylaxis include food items (e.g., peanuts, shellfish), drugs (e.g., penicillin, asparaginase, corticotropin,...
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Updated: Apr 5, 2026

Development of an in vitro model system for studying the interaction of Equus caballus IgE with its high-affinity receptor FcεRI
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Allergens in veterinary medicine.

R S Mueller1, J Janda2, E Jensen-Jarolim3

  • 1Centre for Clinical Veterinary Medicine, Ludwig Maximilian University Munich, Munich, Germany.

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Summary

Understanding veterinary allergens is crucial for diagnosing and treating allergic diseases in pets. This paper reviews key allergens in dogs, cats, and horses, highlighting differences from human allergens.

Keywords:
atopycatdogdust miteshorse

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Area of Science:

  • Veterinary Dermatology
  • Immunology
  • Allergen Research

Background:

  • Allergic diseases are increasingly prevalent in veterinary medicine and animal research.
  • Accurate knowledge of species-specific allergens is vital for effective intradermal testing and immunotherapy.
  • Current understanding relies heavily on sensitization rates from crude allergen extracts.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To consolidate current knowledge on relevant allergens in dogs, cats, and horses.
  • To emphasize the importance of understanding molecular allergen structures.
  • To highlight species-specific differences in major allergens compared to humans.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing scientific literature on veterinary allergens.
  • Analysis of data from intradermal testing and serum testing for allergen-specific IgE.
  • Focus on studies investigating the molecular structure of common allergens (dust mites, insects, molds).

Main Results:

  • Limited studies exist on the molecular composition of veterinary allergens, particularly in dogs and horses.
  • Major allergens in dogs and horses can differ significantly from those identified in human allergy research.
  • A comprehensive understanding of relevant allergens across species is still developing.

Conclusions:

  • There is a need for more research into the molecular aspects of veterinary allergens.
  • Species-specific allergen profiles are essential for advancing veterinary allergy diagnosis and treatment.
  • This review serves as a foundational summary of current knowledge for veterinary professionals.