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Development and Maintenance of a Preclinical Patient Derived Tumor Xenograft Model for the Investigation of Novel Anti-Cancer Therapies
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Published on: September 30, 2016

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[Targeted therapies for metastatic colorectal cancer]

Yosuke Kito, Kentaro Yamazaki

    Nihon Rinsho. Japanese Journal of Clinical Medicine
    |August 19, 2015
    PubMed

    Insights

    Targeted therapies like anti-VEGF and anti-EGFR agents improve survival in metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC). RAS mutations predict response, highlighting the need for new biomarkers and treatments for personalized mCRC care.

    Area of Science:

    • Oncology
    • Medical Genetics

    Background:

    • Targeted therapies inhibiting vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) have shown efficacy in metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC).
    • Several targeted agents, including bevacizumab, aflibercept, ramucirumab, cetuximab, panitumumab, and regorafenib, demonstrate antitumor activity in mCRC patients.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To review the efficacy of current targeted therapies in mCRC.
    • To discuss the role of RAS mutations as predictive biomarkers for anti-EGFR therapy.
    • To emphasize the need for novel predictive biomarkers and targeted agents for personalized mCRC treatment.

    Main Methods:

    • Review of clinical studies on targeted therapies in mCRC.
    • Analysis of predictive value of KRAS and expanded RAS mutations for anti-EGFR therapy response.

    Main Results:

    • Six targeted agents (bevacizumab, aflibercept, ramucirumab, cetuximab, panitumumab, regorafenib) exhibit antitumor activity in mCRC.
    • KRAS exon 2 mutations are negative predictive biomarkers for anti-EGFR antibody efficacy.
    • Expanded RAS mutations (KRAS and NRAS) further refine the prediction of therapeutic effects.

    Conclusions:

    • Targeted therapies have significantly impacted mCRC survival rates.
    • RAS mutation status is crucial for predicting response to anti-EGFR therapies.
    • Development of new predictive biomarkers and targeted agents is essential for advancing personalized medicine in mCRC.

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