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Temporal Dynamics of Motor Functioning and Cognitive Aging.

Deborah Finkel1, Marie Ernsth-Bravell2, Nancy L Pedersen3

  • 1Department of Psychology, Indiana University Southeast, New Albany. dfinkel@ius.edu.

The Journals of Gerontology. Series A, Biological Sciences and Medical Sciences
|August 20, 2015
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Physical decline, particularly in balance and fine motor skills, may precede cognitive decline in processing speed, offering insights into successful aging. This suggests a potential cascade effect impacting cognitive aging.

Keywords:
AgingCognitive functionLongitudinalMotor functionTemporal dynamics

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Area of Science:

  • Gerontology
  • Cognitive Neuroscience
  • Biopsychology

Background:

  • Understanding the relationship between physical and cognitive aging is crucial for developing interventions that promote successful aging.
  • Researchers aim to determine if age-related changes in physical and cognitive functions occur simultaneously or if one domain influences the other.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the temporal relationship between changes in physical functioning (motor skills) and cognitive functioning (processing speed) in aging adults.
  • To identify potential causal links or dynamic couplings between motor and cognitive decline.

Main Methods:

  • Employed bivariate dual change score models on longitudinal data from the Swedish Adoption/Twin Study of Aging.
  • Analyzed data from 813 adults (aged 50-88) over a 19-year period with six waves of testing.

Main Results:

  • Found dynamic coupling between balance and fine motor factors and cognitive processing speed.
  • Demonstrated that declines in motor function (balance, fine motor) precede declines in processing speed.
  • Observed potential bidirectional coupling between fine motor skills and processing speed.

Conclusions:

  • Motor function decline may initiate a cascade leading to cognitive aging, specifically affecting processing speed.
  • These findings contribute to a developing model of the sequence of changes in cognition and physical function during aging.