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Active Targeted Nanoparticles for Oral Administration of Gastric Cancer Therapy
Yu-Hsin Lin1,2, Zih-Rou Chen1, Chih-Ho Lai3,4
1Department of Biological Science and Technology, China Medical University , Taichung, Taiwan.
Abstract:
Gastric carcinogenesis is a commonly diagnosed type of cancer and has a dismal prognosis because of the rate at which it aggressively spreads and because of the lack of effective therapies to stop its progression. This study evaluated a type of oral drug delivery system of a potential target-activated nanosizer comprising a fucose-conjugated chitosan and polyethylene glycol-conjugated chitosan complex with gelatin containing encapsulated green tea polyphenol extract epigallocatechin-3-gallate, allowing oral administration of the drug through a site-specific release in gastric cancer cells. The results demonstrated that the nanoparticles effectively reduced drug release within gastric acids and that a controlled epigallocatechin-3-gallate release inhibited gastric cancer cell growth, induced cell apoptosis, and reduced vascular endothelial growth factor protein expression. Furthermore, in vivo assay results indicated that the prepared epigallocatechin-3-gallate-loaded fucose-chitosan/polyethylene glycol-chitosan/gelatin nanoparticles significantly affected gastric tumor activity and reduced gastric and liver tissue inflammatory reaction in an orthotopic gastric tumor mouse model.
Insights
A novel oral drug delivery system using epigallocatechin-3-gallate nanoparticles effectively targets gastric cancer cells. This approach inhibits tumor growth, induces apoptosis, and reduces inflammation in preclinical models.
Area of Science:
- Biomedical Engineering
- Cancer Research
- Nanotechnology
Background:
- Gastric cancer has a poor prognosis due to aggressive spread and limited effective therapies.
- Oral drug delivery for gastric cancer faces challenges with drug release and targeting.
- Green tea polyphenol epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) shows potential anticancer properties.
Purpose of the Study:
- To develop and evaluate an oral drug delivery system for epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) targeting gastric cancer.
- To assess the efficacy of EGCG-loaded nanoparticles in inhibiting gastric cancer progression.
- To investigate the in vivo effects of the nanoparticle system on gastric tumors and inflammation.
Main Methods:
- Formulation of a fucose-conjugated chitosan and polyethylene glycol-conjugated chitosan complex with gelatin encapsulating EGCG.
- Evaluation of nanoparticle stability and drug release in simulated gastric acid conditions.
- In vitro assessment of EGCG-loaded nanoparticles on gastric cancer cell growth, apoptosis, and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) expression.
- In vivo study using an orthotopic gastric tumor mouse model to evaluate therapeutic effects and tissue inflammation.
Main Results:
- Nanoparticles demonstrated controlled EGCG release, minimizing degradation in gastric acid.
- In vitro studies showed inhibited gastric cancer cell growth, induced apoptosis, and reduced VEGF expression.
- In vivo assays confirmed significant reduction in gastric tumor activity and decreased gastric and liver inflammation.
Conclusions:
- The developed EGCG-loaded nanoparticles represent a promising oral drug delivery system for gastric cancer.
- Site-specific release and controlled EGCG delivery effectively combat gastric cancer progression.
- The nanoparticle system shows potential for reducing tumor growth and associated inflammation in vivo.
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