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Avoidable mortality among First Nations adults in Canada: A cohort analysis.

Jungwee Park1, Michael Tjepkema1, Neil Goedhuis2

  • 1Health Analysis Division, Statistics Canada, Ottawa, Ontario.

Health Reports
|August 20, 2015
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

First Nations adults face over double the risk of avoidable mortality compared to non-Aboriginal adults. Key factors include socioeconomic status and specific causes like injuries and substance use disorders.

Keywords:
Avoidable mortalityFirst Nationscohort analysispremature mortalitypreventable mortalitytreatable mortalityunavoidable mortality

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Area of Science:

  • Public Health
  • Epidemiology
  • Health Disparities

Background:

  • Avoidable mortality signifies deaths preventable through healthcare and public health interventions.
  • Significant disparities in avoidable mortality exist between Indigenous and non-Indigenous populations.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare avoidable mortality rates between First Nations and non-Aboriginal adults in Canada.
  • To identify key causes and contributing factors to these disparities.

Main Methods:

  • Longitudinal analysis using Canadian Census Mortality and Cancer Follow-up Study data (1991-2006).
  • Inclusion of 61,220 First Nations and 2,510,285 non-Aboriginal individuals aged 25-74.
  • Examination of age-standardized avoidable mortality rates (ASMR).

Main Results:

  • First Nations adults exhibited more than double the risk of avoidable mortality (RR 2.01 for men, 2.47 for women).
  • Disparities were more pronounced at younger ages.
  • Diabetes, substance use disorders, and unintentional injuries were primary drivers of excess deaths; education and income explained a significant portion of the gap.

Conclusions:

  • A substantial gap in avoidable mortality persists between First Nations and non-Aboriginal adults.
  • Socioeconomic factors are strongly associated with these health inequities.
  • Targeted public health and healthcare strategies are crucial to address these disparities.