Low Serum Level of Klotho Is an Early Predictor of Atherosclerosis

Area of Science:

• Cardiovascular Research
• Endocrinology
• Aging Biology

Background:

• The Klotho gene encodes a transmembrane protein with a soluble form acting as a potential vasculoprotective hormone.
• Epicardial fat thickness (EFT), carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT), and flow-mediated dilation (FMD) are established early predictors of atherosclerosis.
• Investigating novel biomarkers for early atherosclerosis detection is crucial for preventative cardiovascular strategies.

Purpose of the Study:

• To examine the association between serum Klotho levels and established early atherosclerotic markers (EFT, CIMT, FMD) in a healthy adult population.
• To determine if serum Klotho levels can serve as a predictor of subclinical atherosclerosis.
• To explore the role of Klotho in vascular health and aging.

Main Methods:

• Serum Klotho levels were quantified using the ELISA method in 50 healthy volunteers.
• Participants were stratified into higher Klotho (HK) and lower Klotho (LK) groups based on median serum levels.
• EFT, CIMT, and FMD were measured using transthoracic echocardiography and standard vascular assessment techniques.

Main Results:

• The lower Klotho (LK) group exhibited significantly reduced FMD (p = 0.012) compared to the HK group.
• The LK group demonstrated significantly increased EFT (p = 0.01) and CIMT (p < 0.001) compared to the HK group.
• Low serum Klotho levels were significantly associated with markers of increased atherosclerosis risk.

Conclusions:

• Reduced serum Klotho levels are correlated with adverse cardiovascular risk markers, including increased EFT and CIMT, and decreased FMD.
• Serum Klotho may represent a novel, independent predictor of early atherosclerosis in healthy individuals.
• These findings highlight the potential role of Klotho in vascular homeostasis and atherosclerosis development.