The Kidney in Pediatric Liver Disease

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Robyn Greenfield Matloff1, Ronen Arnon

  • 1Division of Pediatric Nephrology, Maria Fareri Children's Hospital of Westchester Medical Center, New York Medical College, Skyline Office # 1N-C12, 40 Sunshine Cottage Road, Valhalla, NY, 10595, USA, robyn_matloff@cwpw.org.

Current Gastroenterology Reports
|August 21, 2015
PubMed

Insights

Pediatric liver disease impacts kidney function, causing complications like ascites and acute kidney injury. Liver transplantation can lead to chronic kidney disease and hypertension in children.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Nephrology
  • Hepatology
  • Clinical Medicine

Background:

  • The liver and kidney share a complex physiological relationship.
  • Pediatric liver diseases significantly impact renal function and hemodynamics.
  • Cirrhosis progression affects renal blood flow and electrolyte balance.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the intricate relationship between pediatric liver disease and kidney function.
  • To elucidate the mechanisms linking liver disorders to renal complications.
  • To guide optimal care for children with liver disease and renal involvement.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of studies on pediatric liver disease and renal outcomes.
  • Analysis of hemodynamic changes in pediatric cirrhosis.
  • Examination of renal handling of sodium and water in liver disease.

Main Results:

  • Progressive cirrhosis alters renal blood flow and sodium/water excretion.
  • Ascites, hyponatremia, and acute kidney injury are common in advanced pediatric liver disease.
  • Liver transplantation is associated with post-transplant chronic kidney disease and hypertension in children.

Conclusions:

  • Understanding the liver-kidney axis is crucial for managing pediatric liver disease.
  • Renal complications significantly contribute to morbidity and mortality in these patients.
  • Improved management strategies are needed to address renal dysfunction post-liver transplantation.

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