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Related Concept Videos

Development of Immunocompetence01:22

Development of Immunocompetence

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The initiation of cell-mediated immunity can be observed as early as the third month of fetal growth, with active antibody-mediated immunity following approximately one month later.
The initial cells that migrate from the fetal thymus settle within the skin and epithelial tissues lining the mouth, digestive tract, and in females, the uterus and vagina. These cells, including skin-based dendritic cells, serve as antigen-presenting cells, playing a key role in T cell activation.
Subsequent T...
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Vaccinations01:51

Vaccinations

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Overview
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Drug Dosing: Infants and Children01:29

Drug Dosing: Infants and Children

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Pediatric patient dosages diverge from adults due to disparities in body surface area, total body water, and extracellular fluid per kilogram of body weight. The dosing regimen considers the variations in pharmacokinetics and pharmacology across distinct age groups, encompassing preterm newborns, infants, young children, older children, and adolescents. Calculation of pediatric patient doses is predicated on determining body surface area, which exhibits a superior correlation with the child's...
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Transcytosis of IgG01:15

Transcytosis of IgG

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Transcytosis is the process in which molecules are internalized by endocytosis, transported across the cell, and released through exocytosis from the opposite end of the cell. Molecules such as insulin, immunoglobulins, and certain nutrients are transferred through the recycling endosomes by recycling and transcytosis.
IgG molecules from a mother undergo transcytosis starting around 13 weeks of gestation. The amount of IgG transferred and entering the fetal blood circulation increases with...
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Transmission-based Precautions II: Airborne and Protective Environment01:25

Transmission-based Precautions II: Airborne and Protective Environment

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Transmission-based precautions are for patients infected or suspected to be infected (or colonized) with organisms posing a significant risk to others. The transmission precautions include airborne and protective environment precautions.
Airborne precautions:
Use airborne precautions when treating patients known or suspected to have diseases that spread through the air—for example, tuberculosis or measles. These organisms are present in smaller droplets expelled by an infected person and...
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Immunodeficiency Diseases01:25

Immunodeficiency Diseases

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Immunodeficiency disorders are conditions in which the immune system's ability to fight infectious disease and cancer is compromised or entirely absent. The immune system comprises a complex network of cells, tissues, and organs that work together to protect the body from potentially harmful invaders. When this system is deficient or not functioning properly, it leaves the body susceptible to infections, diseases, or other complications.
There are three main causes of immunodeficiency...
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Intranasal Immunization and Milk Collection in Studies of Maternal Immunization in New Zealand White Rabbits Oryctolagus cuniculus
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Immunization of preterm infants.

Arnaud Gagneur1, Didier Pinquier2, Caroline Quach3

  • 1a Department of Pediatrics ; Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Sherbrooke ; Sherbrooke , Québec , Canada.

Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics
|August 21, 2015
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Preterm infants benefit from early vaccination schedules, similar to full-term infants, to protect against vaccine-preventable diseases. Special attention to the hepatitis B vaccine is needed for low-birth-weight infants.

Keywords:
immunizationneonatepretermvaccines

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Transcutaneous Microcirculatory Imaging in Preterm Neonates
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Area of Science:

  • Pediatrics
  • Immunology
  • Vaccinology

Background:

  • Premature infants face higher risks of vaccine-preventable diseases.
  • Vaccinations are often delayed in preterm infants, despite their vulnerability.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review current knowledge on vaccine response, protection, safety, and tolerability in preterm infants.
  • To provide evidence-based recommendations for vaccinating preterm infants.

Main Methods:

  • Review of available data on immune response to vaccines in preterm infants.
  • Analysis of protection derived from routine immunization in this population.
  • Evaluation of vaccine safety and tolerability in preterm infants.

Main Results:

  • Early immunization without correcting for gestational age is supported by available data.
  • While initial antibody response may be lower, protective levels and memory are often achieved.
  • Vaccines are immunogenic, safe, and well-tolerated in preterm infants.

Conclusions:

  • Preterm infants should follow standard vaccination schedules, except for hepatitis B vaccine.
  • Additional hepatitis B vaccine doses are recommended for low-birth-weight infants (<2000g) due to reduced immune response.