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Presumed perinatal ischemic stroke: A review
Sebastián Gacio1, Francisco Muñoz Giacomelli2, Francisco Klein2
1Neurología Infantil, Instituto de Neurociencias, Universidad Favaloro.
Insights
Perinatal stroke risk is highest in newborns, but diagnosis is often delayed due to subtle symptoms or imaging limitations. Presumed perinatal ischemic stroke highlights significant underdiagnosis of early stroke events.
Area of Science:
- Neurology
- Pediatrics
- Vascular Medicine
Background:
- Stroke risk is notably high during the perinatal period.
- Neonatal brain imaging may lack sensitivity or infants may present with no clear signs, delaying stroke diagnosis.
- Presumed perinatal ischemic stroke (PPIS) refers to neurological findings in infants diagnosed later.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the diagnostic challenges and implications of presumed perinatal ischemic stroke.
- To highlight the underdiagnosis of perinatal stroke.
Main Methods:
- Review of clinical presentations and neuroimaging findings in infants with delayed stroke diagnosis.
- Analysis of cases classified as presumed perinatal ischemic stroke.
Main Results:
- Delayed diagnosis of perinatal stroke is common, often identified months or years after birth.
- Presumed perinatal ischemic stroke confirms a significant level of underdiagnosis in perinatal stroke.
- This condition aids in understanding perinatal ischemic vascular disease.
Conclusions:
- Early recognition of perinatal stroke is crucial but challenging.
- Presumed perinatal ischemic stroke underscores the need for improved diagnostic strategies.
- Further research is needed to improve the detection and management of perinatal ischemic vascular disease.
Abstract:
The risk of stroke is actually highest during the perinatal period. However, some newborn infants may have no signs indicative of the need of brain imaging, or brain images taken may not be sensitive enough to diagnose ischemic injuries; so, the diagnosis of stroke may be delayed several months or years. The neurological picture in patients with perinatal stroke detected through neuroimaging months or years after the neonatal period is called presumed perinatal ischemic stroke. Although a presumed perinatal ischemic stroke is just a confirmation of the existence of an important level of underdiagnosis in relation to perinatal stroke, establishing the extent of this condition has allowed to improve knowledge on perinatal ischemic vascular disease.
