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Pasteurella Multocida Peritonitis After Cat Scratch in a Patient with Cirrhotic Ascites
Roshan Gunathilake1, Ajay Verma2, Michael Caffery3
1Department of Medicine, John Hunter Hospital , Newcastle, NSW ; School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Newcastle , Callaghan, NSW.
Abstract:
Pasteurella multocida, a zoonotic agent transmitted by canines and felines, has been very rarely reported to cause bacterial peritonitis in humans. Pasteurella multocida peritonitis is associated with high mortality even with appropriate treatment, therefore its early recognition is essential. We report a case of Pasteurella multocida peritonitis following cat scratch in a patient with Child Pugh Class C alcoholic cirrhosis, culminating in multiple organ failure and death.
Insights
Pasteurella multocida peritonitis is a rare but deadly infection, often fatal even with treatment. Early recognition after a cat scratch is crucial, especially in patients with severe liver disease.
Area of Science:
- Infectious Diseases
- Hepatology
- Microbiology
Background:
- Pasteurella multocida is a zoonotic bacterium typically transmitted by domestic animals.
- Bacterial peritonitis is inflammation of the peritoneum, often caused by microbial infection.
- Pasteurella multocida peritonitis is exceptionally rare in humans, with limited documented cases.
Observation:
- A case study involving a patient with advanced alcoholic cirrhosis (Child Pugh Class C).
- The patient developed Pasteurella multocida peritonitis following a cat scratch.
- The infection rapidly progressed, leading to severe complications.
Findings:
- Pasteurella multocida peritonitis, though rare, can occur following animal bites or scratches.
- Patients with underlying conditions like advanced cirrhosis are at increased risk.
- The condition is associated with a high mortality rate, even with prompt medical intervention.
Implications:
- Highlights the importance of considering Pasteurella multocida in peritonitis cases, particularly after animal contact.
- Emphasizes the critical need for early diagnosis and aggressive treatment in at-risk populations.
- Underscores the potential for severe outcomes, including multiple organ failure and death, in immunocompromised or cirrhotic patients.
