Novel method for setting up 3D navigation system with skin-fixed dynamic reference frame in anterior cervical surgery

Area of Science:

• Neurosurgery
• Spinal Surgery
• Medical Navigation Technology

Background:

• Anterior cervical surgery requires precise instrumentation placement.
• Traditional methods may lack real-time accuracy, increasing risks.
• 3D navigation systems offer potential for improved surgical guidance.

Purpose of the Study:

• To present an easy-to-use 3D navigation system utilizing a skin-fixed dynamic reference frame (DRF) for anterior cervical surgery.
• To validate the accuracy of this navigation system in clinical application.

Main Methods:

• 31 patients undergoing anterior cervical surgery were included (September 2012 - May 2013).
• A 3D navigation system with a skin-fixed DRF and O-arm® was employed.
• Accuracy was validated by measuring the proximity of a navigation probe to inserted Caspar pins using a custom metal sleeve.

Main Results:

• The mean horizontal distance between the Caspar pin tip and navigation probe was 0.49 ± 0.71 mm.
• The mean vertical distance was 0.88 ± 0.93 mm.
• The mean angular deviation in the sagittal plane was 0.59 ± 0.55°.

Conclusions:

• The 3D navigation system with a skin-fixed DRF is a simple and reliable method for anterior cervical surgery.
• This technology can serve as a valuable adjunct to a spine surgeon's clinical judgment.
• The system demonstrates high accuracy in guiding instrument placement during cervical spine procedures.