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EBV epiglottitis: Primary supraglottic viral infection in a pediatric immunocompetent host

Alison Slijepcevic1, Daniel Strigenz2, Gregory Wiet3

  • 1The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH, United States.

International Journal of Pediatric Otorhinolaryngology
|August 24, 2015
PubMed

Insights

A healthy child developed acute epiglottitis due to Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection, requiring intensive care and intubation. This case highlights EBV as a potential cause of epiglottitis in pediatric patients.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatrics
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Otolaryngology

Background:

  • Acute epiglottitis is a medical emergency often caused by Haemophilus influenzae type b.
  • Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) is a common human herpesvirus, typically causing infectious mononucleosis.

Observation:

  • A previously healthy 7-year-old male presented with symptoms of acute epiglottitis.
  • The patient was diagnosed with Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection as the primary cause.
  • Management involved fiberoptic intubation and a subsequent intensive care unit (ICU) stay.

Findings:

  • This case demonstrates a rare presentation of acute epiglottitis directly secondary to an Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection.
  • The clinical course necessitated advanced airway management and critical care support.

Implications:

  • Clinicians should consider EBV as a potential, albeit uncommon, etiologic agent in pediatric acute epiglottitis.
  • Understanding EBV's role can refine diagnostic approaches and management strategies for severe upper airway obstruction in children.

Keywords:
Airway obstructionEpiglottitisEpstein–Barr virusPediatric

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