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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 5, 2026

Demonstration of Equal-Intensity Beam Generation by Dielectric Metasurfaces

Demonstration of Equal-Intensity Beam Generation by Dielectric Metasurfaces

Published on: June 7, 2019

An atomically thin matter-wave beamsplitter.

Christian Brand¹, Michele Sclafani^1,2, Christian Knobloch¹

¹Faculty of Physics, University of Vienna, VCQ, QuNaBioS, Boltzmanngasse 5, A-1090 Vienna, Austria.

Nature Nanotechnology

|August 25, 2015

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Atomically thin gratings enable high-contrast quantum diffraction for massive molecules. This research demonstrates that quantum coherence persists even with ultrathin nanomasks, resolving long-standing debates in quantum physics.

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Last Updated: Apr 5, 2026

Demonstration of Equal-Intensity Beam Generation by Dielectric Metasurfaces

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Published on: June 7, 2019

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Published on: January 9, 2014

Simulation, Fabrication and Characterization of THz Metamaterial Absorbers

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Published on: December 27, 2012

Area of Science:

Quantum physics
Nanotechnology
Materials science

Background:

Matter-wave interferometry is crucial for quantum physics foundations and precision measurements.
Mechanical gratings serve as coherent beamsplitters for various particles.
Van der Waals shifts from thick gratings can cause dephasing, hindering interferometry with massive objects.

Purpose of the Study:

To minimize perturbations in matter-wave interferometry by reducing diffraction mask thickness to the atomic limit.
To investigate the use of ultrathin nanomasks for high-contrast quantum diffraction of massive molecules.
To address the Bohr-Einstein debate on quantum interference with softly suspended slits.

Main Methods:

Fabrication of diffraction masks using single-layer and bilayer graphene, and a 1 nm thin carbonaceous biphenyl membrane.
Development of conditions to transform graphene nanoribbons into carbon nanoscroll gratings.
Experimental demonstration of quantum diffraction using these ultrathin nanomasks.

Main Results:

Ultrathin nanomasks, including graphene and biphenyl membranes, were successfully fabricated.
High-contrast quantum diffraction patterns were achieved with massive molecules using these masks.
Quantum coherence was shown to prevail even with atomically thin gratings.

Conclusions:

Atomically thin gratings are effective for high-contrast quantum diffraction of massive molecules.
The findings support Bohr's reasoning regarding the persistence of quantum coherence.
This work offers a nanomechanical approach to fundamental questions in quantum physics.